This paper employs the theoretical framework proposed by James Rosenau to examine the factors that shaped French art diplomacy towards Iran during the 20th century. The purpose of this study is to understand the complex dynamics of cultural exchange between these two countries and shed light on the broader concept of art diplomacy in the 20th century. Rosenau's theory emphasizes the importance of multiple variables in shaping diplomatic relations and highlights the role of non-state actors in this process. The findings highlight the multidimensional nature of French art diplomacy toward Iran and emphasize the importance of political motives, cultural affinity, and economic considerations in shaping these relations. In dealing with Rosenau's variables, the question is: which variable or variables have been effective in the success of France's artistic diplomacy in interaction with Iran in the 20th century? To answer this question, the document study method should be used to collect data. Therefore, Rosenau's continuity model has been used to test the present research. In explaining the main problem, the thematic analysis method (Brown and Clark) has been used. In sum, this article presents a comprehensive analysis of the variables affecting French artistic diplomacy toward Iran in the 20th century. Using Rosenau's theoretical framework, the authors provide a rich understanding of the dynamics of this diplomatic practice and its implications for international relations.