سال:1398 | دوره: | شماره: |تعداد مقالات:8

Background: Stroke is one of the most disabling diseases worldwide. Herbal medicines, especially lavender, have been used to treat ischemic diseases today. Objectives: The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of aromatherapy with lavender 10% essential oil on motor function, speech and delirium in acute thrombotic cerebral ischemia patients. Materials & Methods: In this double blind clinical trial, 70 patients with acute thrombotic cerebral ischemia were enrolled. Patients were randomly assigned into two equal groups; the first group received lavender essential oil (10%) as aromatherapy, and the second group received placebo. Motor function, speech and delirium scores were calculated using standard questionnaire before and one week after treatment. The level of antioxidants and melancholically was also measured in post-treatment patients. Data were analyzed in SPSS V. 18 using descriptive statistics and paired t-test and independent t-test with a significance level of P<0. 05 Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographic information, motor function, speech and delirium scores (P>0. 05). After treatment, the mean scores of motor function, speech and delirium were changed significantly in both groups, and the mean of these scores in the intervention group was significantly less than placebo, and in the intervention group the level of antioxidants was significantly higher and level of malondialdehyde was significantly less than placebo group (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Using lavender 10% essential oil in our study improved the symptoms of patients such as motor function, speech and delirium after ischemic thrombolytic stroke. This is associated with decrease in malondialdehyde level and an increase in the level of antioxidants.

Background: The type of parent’ s child rearing and the perception of problems by adolescents are one of the important reasons for the formation of inappropriate behavior and delinquency in adolescents. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship of perceived parenting styles with self-control capacity and affective self-regulation among delinquent adolencents. Materials & Methods: The research type was descriptive-correlational. The population of this study included all delinquent adolescents (N=94) from the Guilan Provincial Reconstruction and Upbringing Center and temporary detention centers in 2017-2018. Seventy-three adolescents were selected and completed the Parenting Style Inventory (PSI), Tangney Self-Control Scale (TSCS) and Measure of Affect Regulation Styles (MARS). The data were processed using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analyses by SPSS V. 22 software. Results: Regression analysis indicated that authoritative parenting style positively (β =0. 906, P<0. 001) and authoritarian parenting style negatively (β =-0. 537, P<0. 001) 38% of the changes were predicted in the SCS among delinquent adolencents (F=20. 511. P<0. 001). Also, the authoritative parenting style negatively (β =-0. 641, P<0. 001) 41% of the changes were predicted in the MARS among delinquent adolencents (F=47. 543, P<0. 001). The permissive parenting style was not statistically significant in any of the regression analyses (P>0. 05). Conclusion: Parenting styles have an effective role in the emergence and inhibition of delinquent behavior. It seems that authoritarian and authoritative parenting styles respectively play a role in improving and weakening self-control capacity and affective self-regulation in delinquent behavior among adolencents boys.

Background: Language Development Disorders (LDD) is a common idiopathic impairment in children. Numerous risk factors play a role in the emergence of this disorder. Objectives: The present study aimed to examine risk factors of LDD in children aged two to five years. Materials & Methods: In this case-control study, 98 children (aged two to five years) with LDD and 98 children without LDD were selected as case and control groups, respectively. Research population comprised children with language development disorder diagnosed by a pediatric neurologist, and the control group consisted of children without this disorder. Risk factors affecting LDD were examined in both groups, and the two groups were compared using Chi-squared and independent samples t-test in SPSS V. 22. Results: Results showed no significant difference between the two groups in terms of weight at birth and at the last visit; parents’ age, education level, language, and occupation; level and hours of access to television and cell phone; place of residence; birth order of children, and going to the kindergarten (P>0. 05). However, the two groups significantly differed in terms of a positive family history. Mean age of the onset of developmental behaviors was significantly higher in the case than that in the control group (P<0. 05). A positive family history raised the risk of developing LDD by 4. 45-fold. Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between the age of head control and uttering the first word and the incidence of LDD (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The identification of risk factors for language development disorders in children, including a positive family history, can help better identify, diagnose, and treat these patients. Also, the age of uttering the first word and head control can affect the emergence of LDD.

Background: Anxiety in psychiatric patients is more prevalent than the general population. Nonpharmacological methods for the treatment of anxiety are beneficial to the health of the patient, but it is not clear which of these approaches are more appropriate. Objectives: The aim of this study is comparison of the effects religious teachings and muscle relaxation on reducing anxiety in patients hospitalized to psychiatric hospital. Materials & Methods: This is a quasi-experipsychiatric study with pre and post-test with control group that was performed on patients hospitalized to the ward of psychiatric hospital during the period from March to June, 2016. Out of 100 patients under the Spielberger anxiety screening, 60 anxious patients were diagnosed and 45 subjects who entered the study were randomly assigned to three groups of 15. Univariate analysis of Variance was used to analyze the data. Results: There was a significant difference between the post-training scores in the three groups (P=0. 0001 and F=19. 11). According to the Bonferroni test, there was a significant difference between the mean scores after the training in both groups of religious teachings (P=0. 001 and MD=8. 03, and relaxation with control group (P=0. 0001 and MD=12. 48). However, there is no statistically significant difference between the mean scores after training in the groups of religious teachings with relaxation (P=0. 094 and MD=4. 45). Conclusion: The use of the religious teaching module reduces of anxiety in psychiatric patients. Religious teachings and relaxation techniques are equally effective in alleviating the anxiety of psychiatric patients. Therefore, it is suggested that these complementary and low cost methods be used to reduce anxiety instead.

Background: Stroke is one of the common causes of disability and death in the world. Furthermore, diabetes mellitus is among the main risk factors for cerebrovascular events. However, a high percentage of individuals with diabetes mellitus are unaware of their disease. Objectives: To determine the frequency of Undiagnosed Diabetes mellitus (UD) in patients with stroke. Materials & Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional study, all patients with stroke hospitalized in neurology ward of an academic hospital in the north of Iran were included in the study in 2016. A questionnaire was used to collect data including all demographic, laboratory and clinical factors such as high blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia and stroke type. Finally, the data were analyzed using Chi square, Fisher’ s exact test and multinomial binary logistic regression in SPSS V. 21. Results: Most samples were male (53. 8%) with a mean age of 69. 2± 10. 1 years. The percentage of the UD was 21. 7% based on level of HbA1c. The highest percentage of UD was observed in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage(SAH) (66. 7%). The frequency of UD in patients with family history of diabetes mellitus (16. 7%) was lower than that in patients without that history (27. 7%). There was a significant relationship between UD and cholesterol and triglyceride levels and, in general, dyslipidemia (P<0. 05). Conclusion: In this study, a large percentage of patients with stroke suffered UD. Therefore, it is recommended that extensive screening be conducted for diabetes mellitus in the community in order to prevent stroke.

Background: Stroke is the third main cause of death and chronic disabilities in adults, which requires finding neuroprotective drugs to reduce its mortality and morbidity. Objectives: To determine the efficacy of magnesium sulfate as an adjunctive neuroprotective agent in patients with stroke. Materials & Methods: This randomized double-blind clinical trial recruited 120 patients with acute ischemic stroke in the middle cerebral artery territory presenting to Ahvaz Golestan Hospital from 2015 to 2016. The patients were randomly assigned into two groups. The first group received 4 grams bolus intravenous magnesium sulfate and then 16 grams/24 hours for 5 consecutive days. The second group received normal saline as placebo. Functional disability was assessed on admission and at the end of the first and third months after stroke by modified National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (mNIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale Score (mRSS). Qualitative variables were compared using chi-square test in SPSS V. 16. Results: The results showed that difference of the mean mNIHSS, before (P=0. 596) and one (P=0. 512) and three (P=0. 664) months after the treatment was not statistically significant between magnesium and placebo groups. Also it was true for mRSS before (P=0. 669) and three month (P= 0. 878) after the treatment. Conclusion: IV magnesium sulfate probably did not have significant positive effects on the outcome of patients with acute middle cerebral artery infarction. Studies on larger populations are recommended to show its possible effects.

Background: Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune neurological disorder that is characterized by optic neuritis and longitudinally-extended transverse myelitis lesions in spinal segments. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings are part of the diagnostic process in NMOSD patients, and abnormal lesion patterns may cause deviation from a correct diagnosis. Clinical Presentation and Intervention: A 43-year-old female patient with abrupt cognitive loss, motor dysfunction and tumefactive spread of the demyelinating lesions in her brain presented to the Neurology Clinic of Kashani Hospital. Anti Aquaporine 4(AQP-4) antibody was observed, and the patient responded well to the NMOSD treatment. Conclusion: NMOSD can be considered a differential diagnosis during an episode of Fulminant Demyelinating Disorder (FDD) with the tumefactive spread of the lesions.

Background: The cerebellum is the most important portion of the brain, which audits our acts and establishes balance. Symptoms from a cerebellar stroke happen suddenly. In addition to specific cerebellar signs and symptoms, other common symptoms of a cerebral stroke include dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, double vision, tremor, and vertigo. These symptoms can be confused with other situations because they are nonspecific. In many cases, these symptoms are ignored. Clinical Presentation and Intervention: Here, we report a case of an apparent healthy middleaged man with a large hemispheric cerebellar infarction presented just with a new onset headache and transient mild and nonspecific symptoms including mild left side ptosis and relatively impaired tandem gait which resolved rapidly without obvious and permanent neurological problems. Conclusion: Nonspecific symptoms should alert physicians to examine unusual manifestations of cerebellar infarction, which might be missed if they do not suspect it and do not examine accurately.