شنوایی شناسی (Auditory and Vestibular Research)
سال:1382 | دوره: | شماره: |تعداد مقالات:4

Objective: As the cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) are among the most common anomalies that are directly or indirectly affecting the auditory cortex, studying in this area is important. We tried to evaluate the function of CANS in a group of 50-70 years old cerebrovascular accident (CVA) patients with no hearing complaint by competing sentences test (CST) as a dichotic speech test.Method and Material: This cross- sectional analytical study was conducted at loghman-e-Hakim hospital between 22, August 1999 and 20, Julay 2000 in a group of 30 normal 50-70 years old persons and a group of 40 patients with CVA including 30 patients with abnormal CT scan and 10 patients with normal CT scan.Results: The results point out the mean scores of CST in the normal group was at normal range (80-100%) in both ears. And mean scores of CST decreased in the patients groups. There were significant difference between mean scores of CST in the patients with CV A and control groups.Conclusion: CST seems to be a valuable test in the CANS test batteries for the cerebrovascular diseases.

Objective: A survey on hearing state of blind schoolboys in Tehran.Method and Material: This cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted on 640 ears of 320 blind schoolboys of 5-23 years old as a hearing screening in Tehran Blind Schools, 2000-1.Results: 20.94% was hearing-impaired of whom 13.75% had bilateral and 7.19% had unilateral hearing loss. 15.16% of students suffered from sensory-neural hearing loss (SNHL), 1.56% from conductive hearing loss (CHL) and 0.62% from mixed hearing loss (MHL), that is, SNHL occurred IQ times more than CHL. Hearing loss was often mild and moderate, and audiogram configuration was primarily high tone loss (HTL).On the whole, 8.13% of students needed medical treatment, 15.31% needed audiological rehabilitation and 3.44% of them were in need of both medical and rehabilitation intervention. General information about hearing problem was very low among students, their parents and teachers which was 26.87%, 20.9% and 22.39%, respectively. There is significant relation between SNHL and parents' relationship.Conclusion: The prevalence of hearing loss in blinds is higher than in normal-visions. It is often sensorineural. So, it is important to identify these children through hearing screening (using more high frequencies) and to conduct medical as well as rehabilitative intervention.

Objective: A research was conducted to assess the phonological awareness in hearing-impaired children in comparison to normal children. In this context, we discussed about the ability of these children in identification of rhyme and word segmentation to syllables.Method and Material: The sample of this study is composed of 320 children, 160 Normal & 160 hearing-impaired with a hearing-loss. Of over 70 dB, studying in the 1 st to 4th grade of the primary schools in Tehran. They are divided into two groups at each level (20 girls & 20 boys).Results:1- Hearing - impaired children's scores on test related to rhyme and syllable is lower as compared with normal children.2- Hearing - impaired children are more potent on test of word segmentation to syllables in comparison to that related to rhyme, while normal children are more successful on test of word segmentation to syllables as compared with that related to rhyme.Discussion: Hearing is an important factor in phonological awareness. Formal education at special schools doesn't compensate for the hearing impairment as to development of the phonological awareness.

Objective: OAE an audiologic study for diagnosis of exteracochlear auditory neuropathyMethod & Material: Immitance Audiometry, OAE and ABR and Rehabilitation intervention was performed for 3 children suffered from Kernictrus.Conclusion:-OAE in the from of screening, distorted product and transient evoked -otoacoustic emission has to be added to our audiology test battery.-OAE studies have their own merit when we are clinically involved with the diagnosis of especial clinical entities like neonatal hypoxia, kernicterus, multiple sclerosis, meningitis and meningoencephalitis.-case selection for cochlear implantation needs knowledge of patients' OAE results.-In the case of intracerebral auditory neuropathy the need for other rehabilitative measures will be better understood.