Objectives: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of panoramic radiography and the buccal object rule in intraoral periapical radiography for localization of impacted maxillary canine teeth.Methods: A total of 20 panoramic radiographs depicting 28 displaced maxillary canines were evaluated. The ratio of the mesiodistal width of the impacted canine to the mesiodistal width of the ipsilateral central incisor was calculated and referred to as the canine-incisor index (CII). The height of the crown of each displaced canine was classified in vertical plane relative to the adjacent incisor as apical, middle or coronal.Position of impacted maxillary canines was also determined on two periapical radiographs using the buccal object rule. Surgical exposure and direct observation of impacted teeth were later performed and served as the gold standard. The data were analyzed using SPSS and t-test.Results: There was an overlap in the CII range of the buccally (0.78-1.48) and palatally (1.15-1.75) positioned impacted canines. When considering the height factor in the middle and coronal zones, a significant difference was noted between the CII of buccally (0.78-1.1) and palatally (1.15-1.75) positioned teeth enabling determination of their buccolingual orientation (P<0.05).Conclusion: For the impacted maxillary canines located in the middle and coronal zones (90% of cases), the CII of 1.15 and higher represents palatal impaction while the CII smaller than 1.15 represents buccal impaction.

Introduction: Maxillary canines commonly have an ectopic eruption. This study aimed to assess the factors related to the ectopic maxillary permanent canines. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 1357 panoramic radiographs from patients 8 to 13 years old. The radiography was excluded if the patient had any developmental disease or if the panoramic image had poor quality. The ectopic canine was determined. It was also detected whether the ectopic canine was unilateral or bilateral. The quadrant of the ectopic canine, the presence of missing teeth, supernumerary teeth and other teeth with ectopic eruption were also reported. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 24 applying the Chi-square test at 0. 05 significance level. Results: Among the 1126 panoramic radiographs, 11. 4% (128) had at least one canine with ectopic eruption. 64. 1% (82) of patients with at least one ectopic canine were female and 35. 9% (46) were male. (P=0. 027) 69. 5% (89) had unilateral ectopic canine and 30. 5% (39) had bilateral ectopic canines. (P=0. 001) 10. 9% (14) of participants had missing teeth. 34. 4% (44) of cases had other teeth with ectopic eruption and 3. 1% (4) of cases had supernumerary teeth. The accompaniment of ectopic canine with other ectopic teeth was statistically significant. (P=0. 022) Conclusion: Ectopic maxillary canines with the prevalence of 11. 4% were more common in females,were mostly located unilaterally, and were found with other teeth with ectopic eruptions.

Background: Association of cuspid impaction with adjacent lateral incisor anomalies is under controversy. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between maxillary cuspid impaction with dental anomalies. Material and Methods: In this in vitro experimental study, the material consisted of pretreatment dental records of 102 patients with at least one palatally or buccally displaced impacted permanent cuspid (palatal and buccal impaction groups). They were matched with a comparison control group of 102 patients having normally erupted maxillary cuspids. Available space, mesiodistal dimensions of teeth, and morphologic parameters of lateral incisors were measured using the digital caliper. Comparison of mean values of lateral incisors anomalies and severity of crowding between different groups were performed using the one-way ANOVA test, and the analysis of associations between position of the impaction and anomaly of the lateral incisors and severity of crowding was performed using the Chi-square test. P < 0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the arch length-TOOTH size discrepancy between the cuspid impaction groups and control group. The impaction group (buccal or palatal) presented statistically significant differences in terms of anomalies of maxillary lateral incisor compared to the control group. Peg-shaped lateral incisor was related to buccal cuspid impaction and microdontia had relationship with palatal cuspid impaction. Conclusion: There is the relationship between cuspid impaction and adjacent lateral incisor abnormality, but no difference was observed between buccal and palatal cuspid impactions. Crowding revealed no relationship with cuspid impaction (buccal or palatal) in this study.

Objectives Canine teeth are supposed to have one single root canal, but they may have some anatomical variations. This study aimed to investigate the morphology of root canals of maxillary and mandibular canines regarding gender and age in an Iranian population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods Using CBCT images, 126 maxillary and 125 mandibular canines were evaluated. Root anatomy was assessed regarding root length, root curvature, number of roots and canals, and pattern of root canal system. The data were analyzed by the Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests and multinomial regression model. Results The mean root length of male patients was significantly higher than females (p=0. 0001). The most frequent root curvatures were towards the distal and buccal. Mandibular teeth (p=0. 020) and females (p=0. 012) had higher frequency of root curvature. All maxillary canines had one root; whereas 1. 6% of mandibular canines had two roots. High prevalence of two canals was reported (34. 9% of maxillary and 18. 4% of mandibular canines). The most prevalent canal patterns included type I (65. 1%) followed by type III (34. 9%) in maxillary canines and types I (81. 6%), III (16. 8%) and V (1. 6%) in mandibular canines. Higher frequency of type III canal configuration was reported in maxillary teeth (p=0. 001) and male patients (p=0. 008). No significant difference was found in any parameter between different age groups (p>0. 05). Conclusion A high percentage of type III canal configuration in canine teeth especially maxillary canines and male patients was reported. Mandibular teeth and females had higher frequency of root curvature.

Introduction: Congenital syndromic or non-syndromic absence of maxillary permanent canine teeth is a rare occurrence. This anomaly can adversely affect esthetics and masticatory function. Other dental anomalies that can be associated with TOOTH agenesis include TOOTH malposition, insufficient bone height, and periodontal disease. According to the statistics, the incidence of canine agenesis rang-es from 0-4. 7% with a prevalence rate of 3. 0%. Non-syndromic canine agenesis combined with other types of TOOTH agenesis, like mandibular central incisor agenesis, has been occasionally described in the literature. Case Presentation: This case report presents a nine-year-old male patient with three canine agenesis combined with both mandibular central incisors and unilateral maxillary lateral incisor agenesis. Results: TOOTH agenesis is a common dental anomaly causing significant esthetic im-pairment. Its proper management requires early detection and a multidisciplinary approach.