Background The Ligation of the patent processus vaginalis (PPV) is the challenging issue during the orchidopexy in the patients who suffering undescended testis (UDT). In the present study we aimed to comparing the advantages of the orchidopexy with high-Ligation method and the san-Ligation method as a modified orchidopexy in our more than 6 years` experiences. Materials and Methods The medical records of 2, 659 boys with UDT who undergone orchidopexy in xx hospital, Qom-Iran, between February 2010 and October 2016 were analyzed. The exclusion criteria were consisting of critical cases, presence of concomitant obvious clinical hernia, re-operation due to re-ascending, abdominal UDT, and coincidence with other anomalies. Two surgical method were performed based upon the medical records: 1-orchidopexy with PPV high-Ligation, and 2-orchidopexy with PPV san-Ligation. Results A total of 2, 659 medical records with 3, 208 UDTs were reviewed. Of them, 2, 210 (79. 4%) patients had unilateral UDT. Of the total UDTs, 1, 956 (61%) UDTs were located in the inguinal canal. The mean age of the patients was 21. 3 ± 2. 7 months. Of the total UDTs, 2, 187 (68. 2%) and 1, 021 (31. 8%) were undergone orchidopexy with high-Ligation and san-Ligation PPV, respectively. The operative time significantly decreases in the san-Ligation PPV group (11. 2 minutes vs. 18. 4 minutes; P =0. 03). A total of 207 (6. 45%) complications were occurred in the 187(7%) patients. The commonest complication was spermatic cord/testicular edema which was no significant difference in both surgical groups (P=0. 769). Conclusion The modified orchidopexy with san-Ligation of PPV does not significantly increase the risk of post-operative complications. However, this method significantly reduces the operative time.

Penile venous Ligation (PVL) is one of the reatments of erecticle insufficiency. In this review, 16 patients with erecticle dysfunction due to corporeal venous occlusive dysfunction were treated by PVL.patients’ age ranged from 27 to 48 years (mean 37) and the duration of their impotency was between 24 to 96 months (mean 60). Follow-up ranged from 13 to 60 months (mean 36.5). 11 patients (68.7%) recovered completely and had erections to permit unaided coitus. In 5 patients, recovery was temporary for less than one year (one year patient 8 months and others less than 6 months) one of them had sufficient erections and coitus with intracavernosal injection at 20gm papaverine postoperatively. Viewing this data, it seems that minimum follow-up period should be longer than one year and that PVL is an acceptable method for erecticle dysfunction due to venous leakage.

Background: We aimed to investigate the effect of vaginal stump Ligation in laparoscopic cervical cancer surgery on the prevention of cancer cell detachment. Methods: The study was conducted from 2010 to 2015, in Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiangsu Province, China. Seventeen cases of laparoscopic surgery of cervical cancer in control group were observed, and the vaginal stump was irrigated with normal saline after the operation and the washing fluid was searched for cancer cells. Moreover, 43 cases of cervical cancer patients received the same operational procedure, and the vaginal stump was ligated in the surgery and the vagina was incised below the ligature. Results: The number of cancer cells in the vaginal washing fluid of the experimental group was significantly more than that of the control group. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, the number of pelvic lymph node dissected, vaginal resection length and parametrium resection length. By comparing the postoperative recovery indicators and complications, we found no significant difference in anal exsuf-flation time, the incidence of vaginal stump infection, the recovery time of postoperative urinary function and inci-dence of lymphocysts. Finally, there was no significant difference in the quality of life scores between the two groups. Conclusion: Vaginal stump Ligation can reduce cancer cell detachment in cervical cancer surgery, and therefore can help preventing cancer cell implantation and tumor recurrence caused by cancer cell detachment.

Background: Injury to right hepatic artery (RHA) may occur during hepatobiliary operative procedures. Although it may not be detected and is clinically silent in most of the cases, liver abscess, bleeding, hemobilia, and right hepatic lobe ischemia needing surgical excision have been reported. The aim of this study was a more detailed evaluation of hepatic consequences following RHA injury in an animal model. Methods: This study was conducted on 20 New Zealand rabbits 6 months of age. Blood samples for the measurement of hepatic enzymes was obtained from the rabbits before Ligation of the hepatic artery. After 10 days, blood sampling was repeated and the animals were killed and 0. 5 2 cm liver wedge biopsy was prepared from right lateral lobe, the distribution area of RHA. P values of < 0. 05 were considered significant. Results: Laboratory data before and after surgical intervention showed serum bilirubin of 0. 133 0. 044 and 0. 135 0. 042, respectively (P value = 0. 47). Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was 122. 4  44. 12 and 122. 8  44. 43, (P value = 0. 36) respectively. Serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) was 31. 2  5. 34 and 86. 2  33. 9, (P value = 0. 001) respectively. Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) was 30. 13 8. 46 and 69. 4 47. 7, respectively (P value = 0. 001). Laparotomy showed no considerable change in median lobe of livers, except mild necrosis in one (5%) rabbit. Severe necrosis was found in the right lateral lobe of 15 rabbits (75%), moderate necrosis in 3 (15%), and mild necrosis in 2 (10%) cases. No abscess or gangrene was found. The Gall bladder was intact in all animals. Conclusions: The RHA obliteration causes an increase in liver enzymes and considerable right lateral hepatic lobe necrosis (75%) but no liver abscess, gangrene or gall bladder abnormality.