The head shape of a high-speed Maglev train was optimized in this study, based on the adjoint method, ‎and the aerodynamic drag of four optimized train models were simulated and compared using different ‎control point generation methods. The effectiveness of using the adjoint method to develop a ‎compressible model for a Maglev train was verified. The results show that the adjoint matrix optimization ‎method can quickly and effectively capture the shape characteristics of the train head that are sensitive to ‎aerodynamic resistance. When the design variables of the head are not defined separately, the grid control ‎point set and surface control point set can be used to carry out the adjoint closed-loop optimization of the ‎train head shape, and the exchange control point generation method can be used to perform closed-loop ‎optimization. The results of a numerical simulation show that the optimized train model reduces ‎aerodynamic resistance by approximately 4. 8%‎‎.

The aerodynamic noise from the new high-speed Maglev train (NHMT) is significant. One way to reduce it is to use a fully enclosed sound barrier (FESB). This paper studies the aerodynamic noise characteristics of the NHMT operating inside a FESB at 600 km/h, taking into account the compressibility of air and the quadrupole sound sources. The transient flow field around the NHMT is simulated by adopting an improved delayed detached-eddy simulation. According to Lighthill acoustic analogy theory, the aerodynamic noise inside and outside the FESB can be simulated using the acoustic finite element method. The sound insertion loss (IL) of the FESB is analyzed by comparing the noise outside the FESB with the noise generated by the NHMT operating on open tracks. The results indicate that the noise is distributed in the streamlined shoulder area of the head and tail car and the wake. The far-field noise belongs to broadband noise, and the noise outside the FESB is similar to an incoherent line source. The IL of the FESB is 25. 2 dB(A) at 25 m from the track centerline and 3. 5 m above the track surface. Therefore, the noise reduction effect of a FESB is much better than a traditional upright sound barrier.

Nowadays, with the increase of population, demand for efficient public transportation systems has increased. Magnetic levitation (Maglev) trains are one of the best choices for the future. There are three separated systems in a classical magnetic train to achieve desirable performance. Hence, several control systems and sensors are essential for train operation. Accordingly, the classical Maglev trains include complex structures, and they are so expensive. This paper presents the design, optimization, and control of a combined magnetic train structure with the integrated performance of suspension and guidance and a complementary propulsion system. These combined topologies provide a simple design, more convenient movement, and reduce construction and operation costs.

Magnetic levitation (Maglev) is amongst the most advanced technologies that are available to the transportation industries. It has already been noticed by decision makers in many countries around the globe. Contrary to such high levels of interest, there are no practical algorithms available to the engineers and/or managers to assist them in analyzing economics of the Maglev systems. Therefore, it has been the purpose of this research to find appropriate answers to such vital questions and also investigate feasibility for practical use of Maglev technology in rapid transit systems. The life cycle costs (LCC) for the Maglev system including the cost of initiating such projects are included in this survey and are evaluated. To serve the purpose, an algorithm is presented that facilitates the technical and economical analyses of Maglev systems. The proposal for a long distance Maglev system, Mashhad-Tehran (M-T), is used as a case study by using the proposed algorithm. Moreover, the cost of establishing and operating M-T project is estimated by two other different approaches. These include the already established mathematically based cost estimating method, and the cost estimations based on the international norms and standards. These standards are based on statistical (or provided) data. Such cost estimations assist verification of the proposed algorithm. Comparisons between outcomes of the three methods prove close agreement for the cost estimation by all of them. It is concluded that the proposed algorithm for implementation and operation of Maglev route is practical.

High-speed Maglev train is considered an ideal vehicle in the 21st Century. The travel mechanism as an important part of the train, bears and delivers a variety of vertical and horizontal alternating load in operation. It affects the operation safety of the train directly, so key components of the travel mechanism should be under fatigue strength test by fatigue test machine. The paper proposed a variable frequency pump control fatigue test machine for high-speed Maglev train. It simplified the structure and improved the stability and reliability by using variable frequency pump control technology to regulate the velocity of the motion of hydraulic cylinder. Introducing the operating principle of the system, established the simulation model including frequency converter, electromotor and hydraulic system. The system performance in the cases of variable load and variable speed is analyzed with the SIMULINK of MATLAB. The system is verified correct and feasible by comparing simulation results with the actual situations. Finally, control performance of the model system was optimized by using PID closed-loop controller as well. The variable frequency pump control fatigue test machine achieved high response and high energy efficiency, so it is suitable for fatigue test application.