The genus of Matricaria chamomilla L. is one of the most important of medicinal plants used in medicinal and cosmetics industries. In pharmacogonosy, consideration of the chemical composition and pharmacological properties of chamomile can be undertaken, to be clearly understod. Plant material were collected from three different locality, 1st sample from 22 Km away from Kazeroon city, and second sample from Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Tehran on end of May 2000 , and third sample from Hamedan city on end of July 2000, and all three samples essential oils obtained from flower heads by hydrodistillation method clevengar type. The essential oils were analyzed by capillary GC and GC/MS. Main components of sample were from Kazeroon: a-bisabolol (51 %), trans-trans-farnesol (17 %), cis-b-farnesene (11.5%), guaiazulene (4 %), and chamazulene (2.6%), from Hamedan: trans-trans- farnesol (39.7%), (X-bisabolol oxide 8(18.5%), guaiazulene(17%). and cis-b-farnesene (6.9%), and from Tehran: trans-trans-farnesol (66%), guaiazulene(16.2%), a-bisabolol oxide A (11%), and cis-b-farnesene(4.4%). A major compuend from Kazeroon sample was a-bisabolol, its reported to have anti-inflammatory, can used in our medicinal and cosmetics industries.