The goal of present study was to determine the frequencies of antigens and their alleles of ABO and Rhesus blood systems in a group of women with recurrent abortion, and comparison with the general population in Hamadan. All women referred to "Fattemieh" hospital because of their recurrent abortion during three years (1998-2000) were our cases (no=265) and all women that were voluntary blood donner in Hamadan Blood Bank during one year (1996) were the control group (no=1217). The study was a cross sectional descriptive study. Primary information (ABO& Rh blood types) were obtained from their files in "Fattemieh" hospital (for cases) and from official records of Hamadan Blood Bank (for controls). By using suitable formula, Frequencies of genes A, B, O of ABO system and D and d genes of Rhesus system were calculated. In final step, the results of two groups were compared with each other. In ABO system, the most frequent blood types were O, A, B and AB respectively in case group. The frequent alleles were O, A, B, respectively. The frequencies of alleles were not statistically different in two groups. Also, the frequent allele in Rhesus system was "D". The frequency of D allele in two groups was statistically different (p=0.05). It seemed that Rh negative was a risk factor for recurrent abortion in our case population.