علوم مغز و اعصاب ایران
سال:1390 | دوره: | شماره: |تعداد مقالات:9

Background: Changes in the lipid profile have been suggested as a risk factor for developing ischemic stroke.Their role in intra-cerebral hemorrhage, however, is not clear. The present study was designed to evaluate the lipid profile levels of patients who had experienced an acute stroke during the first 24-hour and to compare these levels in different patients suffering from the stroke, either hemorrhagic or ischemic, and healthy individuals.

Background: Looking in literature reveals that aging is accompanied by olfactory dysfunction and hyposmia/anosmia is a common manifestation in some neurodegenerative disorders. Olfactory dysfunction is regarded as non-motor manifestations of Parkinson disease (PD). The main goal of this study was to examine the extent of olfactory dysfunction in Persian PD patients.Methods: We used seven types of odors including rosewater, mint, lemon, garlic which were produced by Barij Essence Company in Iran. Additionally, coffee and vinegar were used. Subjects had to distinguish and name between seven previously named odors, stimuli were administered to each nostril separately.

Background: we evaluated the diagnostic value of Electroencephalography (EEG), video-EEG monitoring (VEM) and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with epilepsy protocol in patients with complex partial epilepsy.Methods: Forty-two consecutive patients underwent complete neurological examination, EEG, and MRI with a modified epilepsy protocol. A subset of these patients (n=29) also underwent VEM. Data were presented using descriptive statistics and were analyzed using Chi square and McNemar tests.

Background: In patients with acute stroke and middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis, microembolic signals (MES) can predict further cerebral ischemia. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of MES by transcranial Doppler (TCD) in patients with MCA stenosis under treatment of aspirin or clopidogrel.Methods: A randomized clinical trial was performed on 40 patients with acute ischemic stroke in MCA territory. They were randomly allocated in two groups that treated with aspirin (80 mg daily) or clopidogrel (75 mg daily). Clinical and diagnostic work up was included evaluation of cerebrovascular risk factors, echocardiography, carotid color Doppler and brain imaging. TCD was performed between day 3 and 7 after symptoms onset to detect MES. All high intensity transient signals (HITS) were saved and analyzed offline.

Background: There is no documented demographical study on Iranian Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, so this study was conducted to identify demographic information about patients with PD in Iran, and to explore demographical differences between PD patients in Iran and other countries.Methods: We reviewed medical records of 1656 patients diagnosed with PD, who referred from all parts of Iran to a referral Parkinson’s disease clinic in Tehran. We collected data about their age, gender, age of onset, side of motor symptoms’ onset, and drug history.

Background: Several concomitant disorders especially thyroid abnormalities have been reported in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). We aimed to estimate the frequency and pattern of thyroid disorders in Iranian patients with MG.Methods: All consecutive patients with MG referred to neurology clinic of Rasool-e-Akram Hospital during 2006- 2007 were enrolled. All patients underwent clinical assessment of thyroid gland as well as thyroid function test.AChR Ab titer was measured as well. Nerve conduction study (NCS), Electromyography (EMG), and Repetitive Nerve Stimulation (RNS) was done by a same neurologist. The diagnosis of MG was made on the basis of clinical examinations, an edrophonium chloride test and electrophysiological studies. The diagnosis of thyroid disorders were based on clinical presentation as well as thyroid function tests.

Background: We intended to investigate the serum magnesium impact upon the disability after ischemic stroke.Methods: A total of 67 ischemic stroke patients who less than 6 hours had passed from their attacks participated in this cross sectional study. We have measured their serum magnesium level and determined its correlation with their Rankin Disability Score (RDS) in the first 72 hours (RDS0) and after 1 week (RDS1w) and its change in this period of time by using nominal regression method and repeated measure ANOVA in SPSS 17.

We describe a 40-year-old woman presenting with headache, nausea, episodic amnesia and blurred optic disc. Brain MRI disclosed diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement. CSF analysis showed aseptic meningitis with elevated ACE level. Neurosarcoidosis was diagnosed based on granulomatosis changes on tissue biopsy.

Background: Interferon beta-la and -1b have been increasingly used for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). The most frequent systemic adverse effects are flulike symptoms. Laboratory abnormalities include asymptomatic leukopenia and elevated hepatic transaminases. Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) refers to a spectrum of hematological disorders which can occur in different situations. Several hematological abnormalities have been reported following interferon therapy.Methods: We report two cases of secondary MDS after long term interferon therapy by using the laboratory data and bone marrow results.Conclusion: Both of our cases were reversible; although treatment with IFNb-1a and-1b is safe and well tolerated in the majority of population, we should be careful about this premalignant hematological disorder.