سال:1399 | دوره: | شماره: |تعداد مقالات:8

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Aims One of the most common childhood disorders that cause many problems during school years is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This disorder requires counseling and treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of parents’ cognitivebehavioral group counseling on learning problems and anxiety of hyperactive children in primary school. Materials & Methods This experimental study with pretest-posttest design with control group was conducted on 60 parents of 7 to 13-year children who were referred to Counseling Center of Education Department of Ramhormoz, Khuzestan, Iran in 2017-2018 academic year. The subjects were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned into two experimental (n=30) and control (N=30) groups. The ADHD of their children was assessed using Conner’ s Parents Rating Scale. In experimental group, 9 sessions of cognitive-behavioral group counseling were conducted; however, the control group did not receive the intervention. After the sessions, hyperactivity of children in both groups was evaluated with the Conner’ s Parent Parents Rating Scale. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and univariate analysis of covariance. Findings By controlling the pretest effect, a significant difference was observed between the experimental and control groups in terms of learning problems (F=177. 94; p<0. 001) and symptoms of anxiety (F=279. 56; p<0. 001). Conclusion Cognitive-behavioral group counseling for parents can reduce the symptoms of ADHD children in primary schools.

Aims Peace psychology is defined as a field which is in search of developing theories and operations whose goals are prevention and reduction of direct and structured violence. The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of intrapersonal and interpersonal peace-based intervention on emotional and psychological well-being of male aggressive adolescents. Materials & Methods This quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with the control group was conducted on 26 male aggressive adolescents selected via the randomized cluster sampling method in a male high school of Isfahan city in 2016. The students who got higher scores in Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ), were randomly assigned into control (N=13) and experimental (N=13) groups. Then the Keyes Mental Health Continuum-Long form (MHC-LF) was implemented as a pre-test on both groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of intra and interpersonal peace-based intervention, while the control group did not receive any intervention. Then post-test was performed on both groups. After gathering the data, it was analyzed by SPSS 24 software using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Findings By controlling the effect of pretest, after intervention, the mean scores of psychological well-being and emotional well-being in the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group (p<0. 001). Conclusion Intra and interpersonal peace-based intervention can improves psychological and emotional well-being of the male aggressive adolescents.

Aims Dynamic neuromuscular stabilization approach, as functional mechanisms, evaluate and activate the local spinal stabilizers to optimize the performance of posture and respiratory for both prevention and rehabilitation. But the outcomes of this approach remain unclear. So the aim of this study was to evaluate the change in respiratory function in response to DNS breathing exercises in sedentary students with poor posture. Materials & Methods This experimental study was carried out on 26 poor posture sedentary male students that were selected by purposive sampling method. First, a pretest of the respiratory function including Maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), Forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), Forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC ratio were done for each participant. DNS breathing exercise protocol was trained for 6 weeks (6 sessions per a week) and after completion of training, post-test was performed from all parameters. The statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 16 software and paired-sample T test. Findings After 6 weeks, significant improvements were observed compared to baseline in spirometry parameters including MVV, FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC ratio (p<0. 001). Conclusion DNS breathing exercise is an effective protocol to improve respiratory function.

Aims The purpose of the present study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Phubbing scale among Iranian students. Materials & Methods The participants were 330 students of Semnan University who were selected by cluster random sampling. All of them completed the Phubbing scale, the Quality of Relationships Inventory (QRI), and the Mobile-based Social Networking Addiction scale. Reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and item-total correlation were run to investigate the psychometric properties of the Phubbing scale. Findings The findings showed that the Phubbing scale was saturated with two factors of communication disorder and mobile phone obsession. Cronbach’ s alpha of the Phubbing scale was 0. 82. Correlation of communication disorder and mobile phone obsession with social networking addiction and quality of the relationship was inconsistent with theoretical orientations. Conclusion The Persian version of the Phubbing scale has acceptable psychometric properties to the student community and can be used as a reliable instrument in psychological study.

Aims It has been shown that hope plays an important role to recovery process from illness and has strong psychological benefits for patients to cope more effectively with their disease. The purpose of this study was the prediction of hope based on forgiveness and religious beliefs among leukemia patients. Materials & Methods This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 205 volunteer leukemia patients who were admitted in Tehran hospitals in 2018. Patients were selected by convenience sampling method. The data were collected using The Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS), Adult Hope Scale (AHS), and The Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS). Date were analyzed by SPSS 23 software using Pearson correlation test and linear regression analysis. Findings There was a positive significant correlation between forgiveness (r=0. 552) and religious beliefs (r=0. 182) with hope (p<0. 01). Also 30. 6% of variance of hope was explained by religious beliefs and forgiveness (p<0. 01). Conclusion Forgiveness and religious beliefs are predictor factors of hope in leukemia patients.

Aims Health promotion competencies were defined as a combination of the essential knowledge, abilities, skills and values necessary for the practice of health promotion. The aim of this study was to assess the extent to which health promotion core competencies has been integrated in higher education (undergraduate and postgraduate) curricula of ministry of health and medical education in Iran. Participants & Methods In this qualitative content analysis, all the curricula of ministry of health and medical education of Iran were checked for the presence of courses such as health education, promotion, communication, consultation and planning, etc. through a summative approach. Findings Totally 241 curricula were checked. In the most of study fields, there were not the courses improving their competencies that constitute a common baseline for their health promotion roles especially in professional doctorate (medicine, pharmacy and dentistry) degrees. Conclusion Health promotion core competencies should be identified and considered in developing educational curricula for all health practitioners as an essential component of developing and strengthening workforce capacity to ensure quality health promotion practice.

Aims Motivation is increasing the feeling of attachment and involvement in a workplace. In the field of medicine, in which the lives of individuals are at stake, motivation of faculties, who are at the same time, educators and also physicians, becomes more critical. The aim of this research was to explore the medical faculties’ perceive motivation in their academic lifework. Participants & Methods In this research was adopted a qualitative method by semi-structured interviewing 33 medicine faculties at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The Braun and Clark’ s thematic analysis approach was used for data analysis to identify themes related to visible and invisible motivators in an academic lifework. Findings It was identified two major themes after analyzing the interviews: “ Enterprise-level and visible motivators” , and “ Community-level and invisible motivators “ . It was also identified five sub-themes: “ Perceived need for authority and justice in scientific activities “ , “ Financial motives” , ” Incentive system (tangible and intangible support) of academic activities “ , ” Perceived need for a complementary atmosphere” , and “ Perceived need for a collaborative atmosphere” . Conclusion Faculties’ perception of job motivation goes beyond visible, self-interest, and enterprise level motivators. They also perceive community-level factors of working at complementary and collaborative atmosphere as major motivators.