پاتوبیولوژی مقایسه ای ایران
سال:1396 | دوره:14 (دوره جدید) | شماره:1 (پیاپی 56) |تعداد مقالات:9

A variety of analgesic and sedative agents are available, and which one can be used in horses is a highly controversial issue. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the analgesic and sedative effects and effect on vital signs and probable side effects of administered pethidine with xylazine in the horse. Ten healthy mix breed horses 2-8 years of age, weighing 250-350 kg were randomly divided into two groups. A treatment group received combination of pethidine (2 mg/kg, IM) and xylazine (0.2 mg/kg, IV). The second control group received a saline placebo (1ml/45 kg bwt, IV). Heart rate, respiratory rate and rectal temperature were recorded. The records were averaged for the fifteen minutes’ intervals to 6 hours after injection. Analgesia was assessed with pin prick in the tail and perineal region. Data were analyzed statistically by two way of analysis of variance (ANOVA) using repeated measurements and Duncan’s multiple range tests to determine significant differences using P<0.05. In this study pethidine with xylazine show good sedation but analgesia was not sufficient to perform surgery. Systemic sedative effects of pethidine / xylazine occurred at 45-120 minutes by drooping of the lower lip and leaning the head to the stock. Mean heart rate increased significantly (P>0.05) above baseline in the treatment group at 30 and 60 minutes after injection. Rectal temperature decreased from baseline values in treatment group at 15minutes after injection. The lowest recorded rectal temperature in the treatment group was 35.92 ± 0.3at 15 minutes and returned toward baseline in treatment groups 30 minutes after injection. Respiratory rate in the treatment group significantly decreased following administration at 15 and 30 min compared with the control group. Results of this study showed that parenteral administration of pethidine with xylazine is fast-acting and effective sedation in animals are created while pethidine it is not effective for analgesia and side effects from this combination is acceptable and does not cause any danger to the animal.

Apoptosis is named genetically programmed cell death and have special role in physiological and pathological conditions. BAX protein as a key protein in the apoptosis induced by various factors in the apoptosis pathway acts and BCL-2 have anti-apoptotic effect in response to various stimuli of the mitochondrial apoptosis by preventing the release of cytochrome C applies. In this study, the effect of rosemary extracts on the expression of BCL-2 and BAX genes on breast cancer cells dogs (CF41.Mg). in in vitro examined and the control group (which cell line CF41.Mg without drugs) were compared Cells at doses of 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 micromole rosemary extract for 24, 48 and 72 hours were exposed then by using MTT, the effect of drug on cell survival were analyzed. The tests in which different levels of rosemary extract was added to the cell culture, it was determined that rosemary extract induced cell death after 48 hours’ maximum amount to be allocated. The result suggests that the antitumor activity of the extract after 48 hours at a dose 25 mg/ml is more effective. The results of this study confirm the inhibitory effect of rosemary extract on canine mammary tumor cells (CF41.Mg).