The principle of nothing proceeds from the one but one is a long-standing philosophical principle. It states that, according to rational arguments, a single cause, since it is one, is followed by no more than a single effect directly.The roots of the discussion of this principle can be found in the words of Plotinus and Proclus, however, it was expanded, deepened, and defended mainly in the rational Islamic tradition by Farabi, Ibn Sina, and Tusi. Since then, it has always been emphasized by almost all philosophers and some gnostics and theologians. Nevertheless, several scholars such as Ghazzali, Ibn Rushd, Fakhr al-Din Razi, Ibn Arabi, Thomas Aquinas (in some of his works), 'Allamah Hilli, and 'Allamah Majlisi have mainly opposed this theory basically under the pretext of defending religious beliefs.This paper intends to have an analytic, historical, and critical study of the ideas of the opponents of this principle. Here, the writer has initially explained the arguments of some of the believers in this principle and then dealt with the objections of those who reject it. Finally, in order to defend the principle of the one, he responds to each of the objections separately.