Objective: Congenital anomalies are one of the causes of neonatal morality. Tese anomalies are one of important health problems all over the world. This study asscessed the incidence of congenital anomalies and the relationship between these anomalies and personal, family- social factors in newborns were delivered in the maternity Hospital of Golestan province in 2000.
Materials & Methods: The population of this descriptive- analytic, retrospective and case- control study is of live newborns.(healty and abnormal) delivered in 6 maternity hospital of Golestan University of Medical Sciences located in 6 different cities of this province 70 neonates with a congenital anomaly aer case group and 140 healtly neonates are control group. All of them were examined by a pediatrician and their examinations reported in their ward sheets/files. The newborns were selected by a random method. Data were collected by face to fase interviewing through questionnaire filled according to mother-newborn ward sheet Then data were analyzed by means of fissure, t-student and x2 tests.
Results: Incidence of newborn congenital anomalies was 1.2%. Cardiovascular anomalies (1.4%) were located at the bottom of the list, and musculoskeletal anomalies (38.6%) were located to the top of list. There was significant statistical difference (P<0.01) in newborns. Congenital anomalies with any newborn’s personal factors such as (birth weight, Gestational age, apgar score, type of delivery and fetal presentation) were noted. This study revealed that congenital anomalies were more common in newborns of mothers aged over 35 years old in first pregnancy and mothers with 4th or greater parities.
There were significant and direct correlations between congenital anomalies with a prior history of abortion, oligohdroamnios and polyhydroamnios in pregnancy, on ship consanqunity marriage, taking birth control pills along with duration of its and history of any emotional and psychological stresses during pregnancy (P<0.001). There was also a significant relation between age of hausband at the time of mother’s pregnancy, family history of anomaly, occupation and monthly outcome of husband with newborn’s congenital anomalies (P<0.01).
Conclusion: Congenital anomalies of newborns have a relation with personal factors of mother and newborn and with familial- socialfactors. There was significant difference between case group and control group (P=0.001). Therefore newborns delivered by high risk mother should be evaluated for anomalies immediately after birth. Pregnant women who are at risk should be visited frequently and have regular prenatal cares.