مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Information Journal Paper

Title

شناخت و بررسی استانداردهای فراداده ای در موزه ها (با تاکید بر موزه های ایران)

Pages

  133-183

Abstract

 Nowadays, Museums have an effective role in increasing people's knowledge and awareness. They are regarded as centers for the preservation and dissemination of culture in a community that has consistently maintained and then expanded its culture. Preservation of a Museum artifact as the first step in the process of becoming a Museum has an effective role in its survival, a process that takes place in several stages and under the supervision of several experts with Museum, archeology, Documentation and restoration trends. In addition to the mentioned items.Museum archives can be the most important part of protecting Museum information Documents, archives are one of the effective parts of a Museum since they can raise the Museum audience's awareness by providing researchers with comprehensive information. Thus, the archives of a Museum must follow classifications and principles which make them accessible to everyone. The status of archives in three Iranian Museums was investigated and the results showed that they lack desirable archives. Based on international principles of creating archives, some solutions were suggested. Observing the principles and creating standard archives help us have better access to Museums' Documents. The archive is not only significant and important from the point of view of identity, but also plays an effective role in the production of educational and research content in the Museum and is important as a platform for the content production infrastructure for the object. A process that becomes richer in different ways like the object itself with the passage of time. Perhaps the Museums that have not been able to defend their Museum identity and exhibited objects and provide accurate information due to not having a comprehensive and basic archive. Paying attention to this part of the Museum, which is considered as a small part of the Documentation unit in some Museums, needs more introduction and description. The archive forms a large collection that includes the Documents of various departments, such as the preparation and arrangement of information related to birth certificates and Documentation, conducting laboratory and restoration studies, only a part of this whole, which ultimately includes a comprehensive and integrated whole of the state of the object. It covers the beginning to the way of showing, after the show and everything related to it inside and outside the Museum.As a result, it can be said that the archive in every Museum is not just a place for filing Documents, a misconception that is also common among Museum professionals. Rather, it is a place that is closely related to the research department of the Museum, and in this way, it is possible to find what is related to the object. Documents and Documents or even the object's birth certificate form only a part of the Museum's archive. According to the studies that have been done regarding the archives of the famous Museums of the world, as well as the correspondence with their archive department, Iran's Museums do not have a favorable situation in terms of archival resources. This is despite the fact that in many Museums of the world, including in France, there are favorable methods for the archive of artifacts, which types of information are classified based on the variety of objects. The archives of prominent Museums in the world follow standard principles for organizing and classifying their archival Documents. For example, the Guggenheim Museum and the American Museum of Modern Art use the DACS standard to describe their archival materials. Although the Ministry of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism has prepared a relatively good archive for the works by creating the Jam system, but this system is only focused on the Museums of this ministry and many other Museums are in this information registration system. They have not done so, including the Astan Quds Razavi Museums, private Museums, Mustafafan Foundation Museums and many other Museums in the country. Among the country's Museums, the condition of archives in three national Museums of Iran, Malek Museum and Museum of Contemporary Arts was examined, although efforts have been made to improve the condition of the archive of object Documents, but it is not enough, it also does not meet the needs of researchers. The use of new archival methods in Museums should be started seriously and Museums should be required to create such a section in the Museum, this is necessary and vital for the Museum. For this purpose, some suggestions are provided for the Iranian Museums to take steps in the direction of creating a desirable archive:Although the Cultural Heritage, Crafts and Tourism Organization has created a relatively good archive cup system for the artworks, it is exclusively for the Museums of the organization, and many other Museums have not recorded the information in this system. Including Museums of Private Museums, Museums of the Mostazafan Foundation and many other Museums in the country among the country's Museums, the status of archives at the three national Museums of Iran, the Malek Museum and the Museum of Contemporary Art, has been examined. Although efforts have been made to improve the status of the archive, it is not enough to meet the needs of researchers. The use of new methods of archiving in Museums should begin seriously and Museums should be required to create such a part of the Museum. This is vital for the Museum. To this end, suggestions are made for taking Iranian Museums on the path to creating a favorable archive:1. Museums should collect information about objects after recording the primary information of the work (public and professional identification). Including photographs and articles and archaeological reports and this requires the serious efforts of Museum managers and librarians working in libraries and Documentation centers and Museum research units. What adds up to an object at the Museum is object-related Documentation to complement the knowledge and knowledge about the object all Documentation must be classified and accessed manually and digitally.2. An entity or committee to coordinate, develop, and develop a software and database that can cover the works and items of all Museums to be designated under the authority of the Cultural Heritage Organization, which is responsible for the preservation of historical and cultural sites and sites in the country. Undertake the activities of studying, reviewing, coordinating, and developing a comprehensive software and database. And shall comply with the standards set forth by the National Library and Documentation Organization of Iran.3. In order to protect the historical, cultural and ... monuments of the country, the Cultural Heritage Organization requires all Museums (private, public, vaudeville, etc.) to use this software.4. The software in question should provide all the information classified and make it easy for all researchers to use.

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