EFFECTS OF LAND USE CHANGES ON SOME SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN KHOY, WEST AZERBAIJAN PROVINCE

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TAGHIPOUR A.; REZAPOUR S.; DOVLATI B.; HAMZENEJAD R.

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Journal: Journal of Water and Soil Year:2015 | Volume:29 | Issue:2 Page(s): 418-431

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Title

EFFECTS OF LAND USE CHANGES ON SOME SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN KHOY, WEST AZERBAIJAN PROVINCE

Author(s)

TAGHIPOUR A. | REZAPOUR S. | DOVLATI B. | HAMZENEJAD R. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

INTENSIFIED AGRICULTUREQ3

SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIESQ2

SUNFLOWERQ2

Abstract

Introduction: INTENSIFIED AGRICULTURE over a long-term is an important factor in soil change phenomena thatcan cause some unwanted effects on soil properties. To examine this hypothesis, chemical properties of the soilsunder SUNFLOWER cultivation over five decades and adjoining virgin lands were investigated in order to monitor changes caused by long-term cropping. The studied soils are influenced by continuous SUNFLOWER cultivationalong with flooding irrigation and using chemical fertilizers for over five decadesMaterials and Methods: This research was undertaken at Khoy area (38o 10′ to 38o 40′ N latitude and 44o15′ to 45o 10′ E latitude) as the northern part of western-Azarbaijan province in the north-west Iran. The Khoyarea is characterized by a semi-arid climate (mean annual rainfall of 300 mm) linked with soil moisture andtemperature regimes of xeric and mesic, respectively. Agriculturally, the studied area is cropped continuouslyby SUNFLOWER-wheat or barley rotations for over five decades and has received irrigation water from rainfall, groundwater, or seasonal river water. Forty soil surface samples (0-30 cm) belonging to 10 soil series from thecultivated soils and the adjoining uncultivated soils were samplied and analyzed for the different chemicalproperties. In each soil serie, the samples (cultivated soil and adjacent virgin land) were selected in similar slope, aspect, drainage condition, and parent materials. Soil analyses were involved soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC), soil organic carbon (SOC), Calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE), cation exchange capacity (CEC), total N, soluble K, exchangeable K, and available K. Potassium absorption ration (PAR) was calculated by theconcentration of solution K, Ca, Mg and exchangeable potassium percentage (EPP) was calculated byexchangeable Na and CEC valuesResults and Discussion: This study illustrate that long-term continuous SUNFLOWER cropping had considerableeffects on some soil chemical attributes. Over five decades of cultivation, a depletion face was observed in soilorganic carbon, CCE, and some K forms (solution, exchangeable, available K) for most of the studied soils. Incontrast, an enrichment aspect was occurred in the values of EC. The results showed that soil pH and calciumcarbonate equivalent were increased by 0.09 – 0.39 units and 16 – 26 g.kg-1, respectively, in most of the examined soils after intensive agricultural practice. Increase in the CCE value may be caused by tillage operationbecause of the calcareous parent material is tilled periodically by farmers to cultivate a certain depth of soil inthe studied soils. Compared to the uncultivated soils, the cultivated soils showed a relative enrichment inelectrical conductivity (20 – 80%) which could be attributed to the chemistry of the irrigation water used and theinteraction between the irrigation water and its receiving soils. A slight decline was observed in soil CEC values (1 – 9%) probably due to destruction of soil organic matter. There was a decreasing pattern in the content of soilorganic carbon with cultivation ranging 17 to 39% which could be associated with the environmental conditionsand management practices, i.e. (a) in the cultivated soils much of plant residues is removed or burned afterharvest, (b) the present of livestock after harvest which can result in a substantial loss of SOC, (c) breaks up, decomposition, and mineralization of organic matter is accelerated by tillage practices, (d) the relatively hightemperature in the cultivated soils compared to the uncultivated soils which might enhance oxidation of organicmatter and destroying of organic C. A relative depletion was observed in the mean value of soluble K (10 –330%), exchangeable K (25 -40%), available K (16 – 41%), potassium absorption ratio (16 – 61%), andexchangeable potassium percentage (26 – 40%) following continuous SUNFLOWER cropping mainly as removal ofmost SUNFLOWER residues after harvest and high uptake of K by SUNFLOWER as a high –K- requiring crop. In spite ofthe fact that exchangeable and available K declined by cropping for most of the studied soils, the soils weregrouped as optimal to high category based on two the K forms. This means that intensive rotation cropping notbe able to deplete soil exchangeable and available K below a certain level manly due to the presence of the highlevels of K-bearing minerals.Conclusion: Overall, the chemical properties of different soil series reflected different responses to (bothincreasing and decreasing pattern) long-term SUNFLOWER cultivation. Organic carbon, soluble and exchangeable K along with EC was known to be the most sensitive indicators following long-term continuous SUNFLOWERcropping and irrigation practices. In this cause, it seems hat monitoring the chemical characteristics of both theirrigation water and the soil must be considered in order to establish the water –soil-plant management strategiesthat will help to prevent environmental degradation and to maintain the overall heath of the studied soils.

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APA: Copy

TAGHIPOUR, A., REZAPOUR, S., DOVLATI, B., & HAMZENEJAD, R.. (2015). EFFECTS OF LAND USE CHANGES ON SOME SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN KHOY, WEST AZERBAIJAN PROVINCE. JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL (AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY), 29(2), 418-431. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/141078/en

Vancouver: Copy

TAGHIPOUR A., REZAPOUR S., DOVLATI B., HAMZENEJAD R.. EFFECTS OF LAND USE CHANGES ON SOME SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN KHOY, WEST AZERBAIJAN PROVINCE. JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL (AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY)[Internet]. 2015;29(2):418-431. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/141078/en

IEEE: Copy

A. TAGHIPOUR, S. REZAPOUR, B. DOVLATI, and R. HAMZENEJAD, “EFFECTS OF LAND USE CHANGES ON SOME SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN KHOY, WEST AZERBAIJAN PROVINCE,” JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL (AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY), vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 418–431, 2015, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/141078/en

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