Evaluation of Agrobiodiversity in Afghanistan,Species and Genetic Diversity of Field Crops

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Jami Mohammad Yosef; Koocheki Alireza; Nassiri Mahallati Mahdi; Khorramdel Soroor; Nazarian Ramin

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Journal Paper

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Journal: Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production Year:2024 | Volume:34 | Issue:4 Page(s): 27-43

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Title

Evaluation of Agrobiodiversity in Afghanistan,Species and Genetic Diversity of Field Crops

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Keywords

Climatic conditions

Shannon index

Species Richness

Evennes index

Genetic Diversity

Abstract

Background & Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the species and Genetic Diversity of agricultural ecosystems in Afghanistan. Materials and Methods: In order to carryout this research, countrywide data set was collected. The required data were extracted through collected questionnaires from 388 counties in 34 provinces. For this purpose, all provinces and at least 10% of the counties located in each province were selected and biodiversity criteria (such as Species Richness, diversity and evenness) were evaluated. Results: Based on the findings of this reserch, Takhar, Herat, Badakhshan, and Baghlan provinces had the highest Species Richness with 21, 20, 19, and 19 species, respectively, and Paktia and Nuristan provinces had the lowest richness with 9 species. The highest value of Shannon's index related to cereals, pulses, vegetables and industrial crops was 1. 11, 1. 53, 1. 33 and 1. 30, respectively, and the lowest value for these crops was 0. 06, 0. 09, 0. 03 and 0. 01 respectively. The highest species Evennes index of cereals belongs to Nimroz province (0. 86), pulse belongs to Jawzjan and Laghman provinces (0. 95), vegetables belonges to Khost and Laghman provinces (0. 99), and industrial plants belongs to Kandahar province (0. 99). The study of Genetic Diversity and cultivar richness showed that wheat with 52 varieties (30 improved cultivars and 22 local landraces) has the highest number of cultivars among all crops in Afghanistan, and Herat province has more richness with 27 cultivars. Conclusion: In terms of Species Richness, according to different Climatic conditions, it seems that crops species in provinces of Afghanistan have different richness. In addition, Shannon and Simpson indices are low in most provinces and crops of Afghanistan.

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