Effects of regulated deficit irrigation regime on vegetative and pomological characteristics and yield of oil olive Amphisis cultivar

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GHOLAMI R.; HAJIAMIRI A.

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Journal: Journal of Plant Production Research Year:2018 | Volume:25 | Issue:1 Page(s): 63-72

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Title

Effects of regulated deficit irrigation regime on vegetative and pomological characteristics and yield of oil olive Amphisis cultivar

Author(s)

GHOLAMI R. | HAJIAMIRI A. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

OliveQ1

Deficit irrigationQ1

OilQ1

Fruit characteristicsQ1

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Olive (Olea europaea L. ) is an ever-green and drought-tolerant tree grown on regions with limited water resources to produce Oil and table products. Due to existing appropriate environmental conditions in our country for its growing, and also considering public desperate needs to its Oil product, Olive is economically considered to be an important fruits to be cultivated. The problem of supplying sufficient water for irrigation Olive orchards, due to serious threats of ongoing drought and reduction in water resources, is one of the main limiting factors on the way to develop Olive industry in country. Accordingly, some suitable approaches like using tolerant cultivars, mulches, reducers of plant transpiration, plant growth regulators, and recently evaluating proper time for irrigation have been examined to increase efficiency of watering. According to this approach, irrigation schedule is designed mainly based on maintaining plant’ s water status internally and regarding maximum level of water potential at particular stages of plant cycling, especially at time of lowest sensitivity of fruit growth to drought stress. So far, many studies performed over effects of drought stress and water deficit on vegetable growth of Olive under pot conditions. With respect to establishing Olive orchards on different regions of country and appearing serious drought threats, it is imperative to investigate effects of regulated irrigation deficit on all bearing fruit trees. Hence, determining the insensitive stages of fruit growth toward regulated irrigation deficit has been received great attentions in terms of economical yield. The purposes behind doing the current study were to investigate and compare effects of different regulated Deficit irrigations on vegetative and reproductive parameters of Olive grown under field conditions. Materials and methods: This experiment was conducted in Dallaho Olive Research Station located in Kermanshah Province (45˚ E, 34˚ N, and 581M) in 2015 under field conditions. It was designed based on CRB with three replications and three trees (sixteen-year Amphisis cultivars cultivated at 6×6 m2) for each. Six irrigation regimes consisted of: 1) using full irrigation (FI) throughout fruit growth (as control), 2) using 25% FI at pit hardening stage, 3) using 75% FI during pit hardening to harvesting stages, 4) using 25% FI during fruits’ color variation, 5) using 60% FI throughout fruit growth, and 6) no irrigation. It is necessary to say that FI was employed at all stages of fruit growth except stages received treatments and also it was done through drip irrigation system. According to daily meteorological data received from synoptic station of Sarpole Zahab and an equation purposed by Penman Mantis, the potential rate of transpiration and perspiration as well as water requirements were calculated from April (the time of stopping rainfall) to October (time of starting new rainfall in following year). Irrigation schedule was designed once per three days on the basis of plants’ transpiration and perspiration, and the amount of water requirements as well as employing plant indexes of Olive. Results: The results of this research demonstrated that employing 25% FI treatment not only at pit hardening stage brought about a higher yield of fruit and Oil, fruit diameter, and pulp percent, but also at fruit color variation caused to an increase in Oil percent per pulp fresh and dry weight and Oil yield a hectare compared to other treatments. Discussion: In the arid and semi-arid as well as sub-tropical regions, water shortage is a normal phenomenon and seriously limits the agricultural potential. Therefore, under irrigation or rainfed conditions, it is important for the available water to be used in the most efficient way. Regulated Deficit irrigation is an optimizing strategy which crops are allowed to sustain some degree of water deficit and yield reduction. During regulated Deficit irrigation the crop is exposed to certain level of water stress either during a particular period or throughout the growing season. The main objective Deficit irrigation of is to increase water use efficiency (WUE) of the crop by eliminating irrigations that have little impact on yield, and to improve control of vegetative growth (improve fruit size and quality). Conclusion: The results of this research revealed that the value of WUE gained by applying RDI during fruit color variations and pit hardening were higher than those gained by other irrigation regimes in terms of Oil and fruit production. Overall, employing RDI during fruit color variations and pit hardening without leading to any reduction in fruit size and yield caused to elevate WUE in Olive orchards.

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APA: Copy

GHOLAMI, R., & HAJIAMIRI, A.. (2018). Effects of regulated deficit irrigation regime on vegetative and pomological characteristics and yield of oil olive Amphisis cultivar. JOURNAL OF PLANT PRODUCTION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES), 25(1 ), 63-72. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/155920/en

Vancouver: Copy

GHOLAMI R., HAJIAMIRI A.. Effects of regulated deficit irrigation regime on vegetative and pomological characteristics and yield of oil olive Amphisis cultivar. JOURNAL OF PLANT PRODUCTION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES)[Internet]. 2018;25(1 ):63-72. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/155920/en

IEEE: Copy

R. GHOLAMI, and A. HAJIAMIRI, “Effects of regulated deficit irrigation regime on vegetative and pomological characteristics and yield of oil olive Amphisis cultivar,” JOURNAL OF PLANT PRODUCTION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES), vol. 25, no. 1 , pp. 63–72, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/155920/en

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