The impact of some vegetative buffer strips on runoff and loss of nitrate and phosphate in rainfed lands of Sari, Iran

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KAVIAN A.; SALEH I.; HABIBNEJAD M.; JAFARIAN Z.

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Journal: Journal of Water and Soil Conservation Year:2018 | Volume:25 | Issue:4 Page(s): 1-25

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Title

The impact of some vegetative buffer strips on runoff and loss of nitrate and phosphate in rainfed lands of Sari, Iran

Author(s)

KAVIAN A. | SALEH I. | HABIBNEJAD M. | JAFARIAN Z. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Experimental plotsQ1

Native turf grassQ2

RunoffQ2

SedimentQ2

Vetiver grassQ1

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Conservation and optimal use of soil and water resources are considered as the principles of sustainable development. Excessive use of natural resources caused by increasing agricultural lands area has led to some adverse consequences such as soil and water pollution. The use of vegetative buffer strips is considered as an effective strategy to reduce surface water pollutions and soil erosion. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of Runoff rate, plant species and type of contaminants on the efficiency of vegetative buffer strips in qualitative and quantitative conservation of soil and water in Mazandaran, Iran. Materials and Methods: The field of this research is a part of agricultural lands of Sari city. The width and length of the Experimental plots were 1 m and 10 m respectively. The present study was carried out using 12 Experimental plots with dimensions of 1 m × 10 m in randomized complete block design, in Mazandaran province, Northern Iran. The treatments were included Vetiver grass, turf-grass with coverage area of 3 m2 and control (bare) treatment with four replications. The Experimental plots were installed with a slope of 15% those which were isolated from the surrounding environment. Also, a Runoff collecting tank drainage was placed at downslope end of each plot. Vetiver grass and turf grass were the plant species used in the buffer strips planted in the early February of 2015; so that, three meters of each plot contained the studied plant species and seven meters of the plot length was left as bare to produce Runoff. Artificial Runoff was produced with Runoff rate equal to the Runoff generated by 25 and 100 return period precipitation. Runoff sampling was annually carried out from the collected water at downslope of each plot since a month after planting the species; so that, it was conducted since February 2015 until January 2016. In order to evaluate the efficiency of vegetative buffer strips in water and soil conservation, the performance of these buffers was studied for Runoff, Sediment removal as well as the pollutants such as nitrate (NO3-) and phosphate (PO4 3-). Means of achieved data were compared and statistically analyzed using Duncan test by SPSS software. Also, variations of the efficiency of vegetative buffer strips over time affected by two Runoff rates was studied using the related graphs. Results: According to the results, the maximum efficiency of vetiver buffer strips was obtained under the Runoff generated by 25-year return period precipitation; so that, the mentioned treatment reduced the Runoff volume, Sediment, nitrate (NO3-) and phosphate (PO4 3-) contration by 85%, 88%, 83% and 87%, respectively. Also, there was a relatively good correlation between phosphate and Sediment (R2=0. 66) as well as nitrate and Runoff volume (R2=0. 67). The growth stage and age of the plant also played a significant role in the efficiency of the vegetative buffer strips for Sediment control, so that over time, by increasing the height and coverage percentage, Vetiver grass gave a more appropriate performance in pollutants control and specially suspended Sediment compared to the other studied vegetative buffer strips in the present study. Conclusion: The efficiency of vegetative buffer strips in Runoff quantity and quality control is is less affected by the characteristics of the strip and the stage of plant growth and its species and the intensity of flow plays an important role because the efficiency of vegetative buffer strips affected by 100-year return period Runoff showed a more irregular trend compared to 25-year return period Runoff. The two buffer plants also showed different performances to reduce Runoff volume and its pollutants. The vegetative buffer strips played a role as nutrients and Sediment source that caused soil and surface water pollution over time. So, periodic harvesting can be considered as an effective strategy to deal with this issue.

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APA: Copy

KAVIAN, A., SALEH, I., HABIBNEJAD, M., & JAFARIAN, Z.. (2018). The impact of some vegetative buffer strips on runoff and loss of nitrate and phosphate in rainfed lands of Sari, Iran. JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES), 25(4 ), 1-25. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/156024/en

Vancouver: Copy

KAVIAN A., SALEH I., HABIBNEJAD M., JAFARIAN Z.. The impact of some vegetative buffer strips on runoff and loss of nitrate and phosphate in rainfed lands of Sari, Iran. JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES)[Internet]. 2018;25(4 ):1-25. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/156024/en

IEEE: Copy

A. KAVIAN, I. SALEH, M. HABIBNEJAD, and Z. JAFARIAN, “The impact of some vegetative buffer strips on runoff and loss of nitrate and phosphate in rainfed lands of Sari, Iran,” JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES), vol. 25, no. 4 , pp. 1–25, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/156024/en

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