Effect of biochar and irrigation water salinity on soil chemical properties after wheat harvest

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REZAIE N.; RAZZAGHI F.; SEPASKHAH A.R.; MOOSAVI S.A.A.

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Journal: Journal of Water and Soil Conservation Year:2018 | Volume:25 | Issue:4 Page(s): 291-305

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Title

Effect of biochar and irrigation water salinity on soil chemical properties after wheat harvest

Author(s)

REZAIE N. | RAZZAGHI F. | SEPASKHAH A.R. | MOOSAVI S.A.A. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

CalciumQ2

Electrical conductivityQ2

PotassiumQ3

SodiumQ1

Sodium adsorption ratioQ1

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Salinity is one of the major environmental stresses which negatively influence the agricultural production. The saline soils usually have poor soil structure due to lack of organic matter. Therefore, application of organic matter improves soil aggregate stability, increases soil porosity and enhances soil water holding capacity. Biochar is a carbon rich product, which is produced by burning crop residues and animal manure, under high temperature and limited oxygen conditions. Biochar, when used as a soil amendment, increases soil fertility and improve soil quality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of irrigation water salinity and wheat straw biochar on some of soil chemical properties after wheat harvest. Materials and Methods: A greenhouse experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design with four saline irrigation levels (0. 5, 5, 7 and 9 dS m-1) and four levels of biochar (0, 25, 50 and 75 Mg ha-1) with three replications. The soil texture used in experiment was sandy loam with a bulk density of 1. 53 g cm-3, the saturated paste extract Electrical conductivity of 0. 66 dS m-1 and the volumetric soil water content of 21 and 8% at field capacity and permanent wilting point, respectively. The biochar was produced from wheat straw at 500 oC and under non-oxygen conditions. After harvesting of wheat, soil chemical properties (such as Sodium, Calcium and Potassium concentration, soil Electrical conductivity in the saturation paste extract and Sodium absorption ratio) were measured in two layers of 0-10 and 10-20 cm. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS software. The comparison between the effects of treatments on studied characteristics was performed with Duncan's test at 95% probability level. Results: In general, the results showed that the concentration of Sodium, Potassium and Calcium, Electrical conductivity and Sodium absorption ratio in the 0-10 cm layer with the application of the highest level of biochar (75 Mg ha-1) increased by 1. 1 and 143. 8, 2. 2, 2. 1 and 0. 8 times in comparison with no biochar application. In the same soil depth (0-10 cm), the latter parameters with the application of the maximum level of water salinity (9 dS m-1) were enhanced by 14. 8 and 1. 6, 8. 6, 2. 1 and 5. 4 times in comparison with 0. 5 dS m-1 salinity. The concentration of measured ions, soil Electrical conductivity and Sodium absorption ratio were higher at 0-10 cm compared with those in 10-20 cm due to evaporation from soil surface and higher water holding capacity in top layer of soil due to biochar application. On the other hand, the increase in soil Electrical conductivity in both layers by application of biochar was due to high saturated paste extract Electrical conductivity of the used biochar (7. 5 dS m-1) in comparison with the Electrical conductivity of the soil (0. 7 dS m-1) and also accumulation of ions in the soil (as water was not drained out of the pots). Conclusion: Although, biochar increased soil salinity and other soil chemical properties due to its salinity, the increase in biochar application to the levels higher than 25 Mg ha-1 to some extent reduced the negative effects caused by elevation of salinity. On the other hand, considering the increase of Potassium along with presence of biochar, it can be used as modifier in soils with Potassium deficiency. Therefore, according to biochar ability as soil amendment, biochar (with low salinity) can be proposed at levels of less than 25 Mg ha-1, so that its use is economical.

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APA: Copy

REZAIE, N., RAZZAGHI, F., SEPASKHAH, A.R., & MOOSAVI, S.A.A.. (2018). Effect of biochar and irrigation water salinity on soil chemical properties after wheat harvest. JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES), 25(4 ), 291-305. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/156036/en

Vancouver: Copy

REZAIE N., RAZZAGHI F., SEPASKHAH A.R., MOOSAVI S.A.A.. Effect of biochar and irrigation water salinity on soil chemical properties after wheat harvest. JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES)[Internet]. 2018;25(4 ):291-305. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/156036/en

IEEE: Copy

N. REZAIE, F. RAZZAGHI, A.R. SEPASKHAH, and S.A.A. MOOSAVI, “Effect of biochar and irrigation water salinity on soil chemical properties after wheat harvest,” JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES), vol. 25, no. 4 , pp. 291–305, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/156036/en

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