GENOTYPIC AND PHENOTYPIC DIVERSITY OF LEBANON OAK (QUERCUS LIBANI) POPULATIONS IN NORTH ZAGROS FORESTS REVEALED BY MOLECULAR SCOT MARKER, AND MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES

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SHABANIAN N.; SHAFIE RAHMANI M.; ALIKHANI L.; BADAKHSHAN H.

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Journal: Journal of Wood and Forest Science and Technology Year:2016 | Volume:22 | Issue:4 Page(s): 55-77

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Title

GENOTYPIC AND PHENOTYPIC DIVERSITY OF LEBANON OAK (QUERCUS LIBANI) POPULATIONS IN NORTH ZAGROS FORESTS REVEALED BY MOLECULAR SCOT MARKER, AND MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Author(s)

SHABANIAN N. | SHAFIE RAHMANI M. | ALIKHANI L. | BADAKHSHAN H. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

MORPHOLOGICAL MARKERQ2

CLUSTER ANALYSISQ2

MOLECULAR DIVERSITYQ2

START CODON TARGETED (SCOT)Q2

OAKQ2

Abstract

Background and objectives: Genetic diversity plays an important role in the maintenance of ecological and socio-economic functions and survival of plant species. Information on the natural patterns of genetic variability and their evolutionary bases are of essential practical keys for sustainable forest management and conservation. According to population genetic theories, waste of genetic diversity is a great threat to endangered species with narrow geographic distribution or growing in small populations. Molecular tools can be noteworthy means to study the natural genetic diversity patterns in threatened species and to reveal demographic and ecological aspects in species management in order to plan long-term conservation or restoration projects. Among them, the inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), Inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP), and start codon targeted (SCoT) marker are quick and cost-effective techniques based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that with a high repeatability amplify the target sequences of multiple loci in the genome. In this study, the genotypic and phenotypic diversity of 109 individuals from nine populations of Lebanon OAK (Quercus libani) of north-Zagros forests has been reported using start codon targeted (SCoT) molecular marker, and leaf morphological and biochemical characteristics.Materials and Methods: This study was carried out with 109 individuals from nine populations of Lebanon OAK (Q. libani) distributed throughout the OAK forests of Marivan and Baneh. In order to decrease the likelihood of genotypic similarity, leaf samples were collected from the trees with at least 100 m distance within populations. The samples were then stored at -20°C (for DNA extraction) or at 4°C (for morpholical and biochemical examinations). Morphological tests were performed using eight descriptive developed for Quercus genus. Biochemical analysis of total nitrogen, starch, total carbohydrate, potassium, calcium, magnesium and ferrous were conducted based on Kejeldal, spectrophotometry, atomic absorption and flame photometry methods. Genomic DNA was extracted from leaf material following the method described by Doyle and Doyle with a minor modification. After visualizing and scoring the amplified bands from 10 primers, the 1 and 0 matrices were analyzed using PopGene software and the dendrogram was constructed through the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) using the Dice similarity index. Marker and population genetic parameters such as Nei's genetic diversity (h), Shannon diversity index (I), the percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB), and measures of genetic distance were estimated. The genetic structure of the studied populations was further investigated by analysis of molecular variation (AMOVA) to estimate variation among and within populations based on marker patterns, gene flow, and genetic differentiation index.Results: CLUSTER ANALYSIS of all phenotypic data grouped the studied populations into five main clusters. Totally, ten SCoT primers produced 101 amplification products, of which 92 fragments (90%) were polymorphic. Nei's gene diversity (h) and Shannon's diversity index (I) were relatively high at the both species (h =0.284, I = 0.258) and population (h= 0.191, I= 0.279) levels. High phenotypic and genetic diversity demonstrated that Lebanon OAK populations in north Zagros forests maintained a high level of variation. The estimated GST (0.29) showed that the most revealed genetic diversity resided within populations (87%), which was identified with the moderate gene flow level (Nm= 2.33).Conclusion: The relatively high intra-population genetic diversity and low inter-population genetic differentiation was largely attributed to long distance dispersal of pollen, and continuous distribution of populations. Mantel test indicated no significant correlation between genetic and geographic distances among populations. Breeding systems characteristics, genetic drift and extensive gene flow are probably important factors for explaining this differentiation.

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APA: Copy

SHABANIAN, N., SHAFIE RAHMANI, M., ALIKHANI, L., & BADAKHSHAN, H.. (2016). GENOTYPIC AND PHENOTYPIC DIVERSITY OF LEBANON OAK (QUERCUS LIBANI) POPULATIONS IN NORTH ZAGROS FORESTS REVEALED BY MOLECULAR SCOT MARKER, AND MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES. JOURNAL OF WOOD AND FOREST SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 22(4), 55-77. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/156929/en

Vancouver: Copy

SHABANIAN N., SHAFIE RAHMANI M., ALIKHANI L., BADAKHSHAN H.. GENOTYPIC AND PHENOTYPIC DIVERSITY OF LEBANON OAK (QUERCUS LIBANI) POPULATIONS IN NORTH ZAGROS FORESTS REVEALED BY MOLECULAR SCOT MARKER, AND MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES. JOURNAL OF WOOD AND FOREST SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY[Internet]. 2016;22(4):55-77. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/156929/en

IEEE: Copy

N. SHABANIAN, M. SHAFIE RAHMANI, L. ALIKHANI, and H. BADAKHSHAN, “GENOTYPIC AND PHENOTYPIC DIVERSITY OF LEBANON OAK (QUERCUS LIBANI) POPULATIONS IN NORTH ZAGROS FORESTS REVEALED BY MOLECULAR SCOT MARKER, AND MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES,” JOURNAL OF WOOD AND FOREST SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 55–77, 2016, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/156929/en

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