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Information Journal Paper

Title

Assessment of climatic drought effect on the quality of surface water flows of Kurdistan Province, west of Iran

Pages

  161-175

Abstract

 Quantitative assessment of drought at different temporal and spatial scales using indices such as SPEI and investigating its impact on Surface water quality is a necessary and important prerequisite for facilitating effective management of water resources and appropriate adaptation to drought conditions in each region. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the impact of Climatic drought on the quality of Surface water resources of Kurdistan Province. In so doing, amounts of daily precipitation, temperature, evaporation, and Water quality parameters data were collected from the Regional Water Company of Kurdistan Province during the 34-year statistical period (1985-2018). The standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index (SPEI) values ​​were calculated to quantify and determine the dry and wet years in the statistical period under study. The calculated SPEI values during the statistical period 1985-2018 varied from -1.33 to 1.70 and represented the climatic conditions of "moderate drought" to "severe wet" in the study area. The results showed that a positive and significant correlation between drought and the SO42-, HCO3-, Cl, Ca, Mg, Na, TDS and EC. Meanwhile, the increasing trend of Water quality parameters during the drought (2008) compared to the long-term average indicated the effect of reduced rainfall as well as increased temperature and evapotranspiration on the reduction of Surface water quality during the drought period. Also, the results showed that the highest long-term average values of SO42-, HCO3-, Cl, Ca, Mg, Na, TDS, pH, and EC were related to the eastern region of the study area, indicating the impact of climatic diversity and the occurrence of drought. On the other hand, the results of the spatial distribution of the average values ​​of precipitation, temperature, and evapotranspiration confirmed that the impact of climatic diversity on the reduction of water quality in the study region. Overall, the results of this study will be useful as a primary and scientific data set for managing and optimizing Surface water use in Kurdistan Province through control measures and management measures, especially during droughts. In addition, regular and periodic monitoring of Surface water quality, especially during droughts, is recommended to protect water quality and ensure sustainable use of Surface water resources.

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