Investigating the Effect of Cutting Methods at Different Developmental Stages on Seed Viability of Abutilon theophrasti

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Kordbacheh Farnaz; RAHIMIAN MASHHADI HAMID; ALIZADEH HASSAN; OVEISI MOSTAFA; TAVAKOL AFSHARI REZA

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Journal: IRANIAN JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE Year:2014 | Volume:10 | Issue:1 Page(s): 47-59

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Title

Investigating the Effect of Cutting Methods at Different Developmental Stages on Seed Viability of Abutilon theophrasti

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Keywords

Capsule detachmentQ2

attached capsuleQ2

seed developmental stageQ2

desiccation toleranceQ2

mechanical controlQ2

Abstract

Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of different mechanical cutting methods of the mother plant in an appropriate time on the viability (%), seed size (mm2) and 100 seed weight (g) of Abutilon theophrasti (velvetleaf). Three mechanical cutting methods with considering the different stages of capsule development were used: (1) cutting the entire plant from its base without separation of capsules from mother plant and plant material was left to dry on the greenhouse bench or soil surface for four weeks (EPD) (2) individual capsules were harvested and left to dry on the greenhouse bench or at the soil surface for four weeks (CD), and (3) capsules were harvested and seeds tested immediately for viability(%), seed size (mm2) and 100 seed weight (g) (CF). The flowering phenology of each plant was recorded throughout the experiment. After four weeks, viability (%), seed size (mm2) and 100 seed weight (g) seeds from plants in treatments EPD and CD were tested. In all the mechanical cutting treatments, on plant capsules were classified according their clour in four developmental stages. In both greenhouse and field experiments seeds from the first stage of development were not viable and the viability began to appear during the second developmental stage, and reached to 100% during the third and the later stages of development. In both experiments, the approaching rate of full viability was higher for seeds from capsules that were tested immediately (10 and 7 DAF) in comparison with two treatments of CD and EPD. In the greenhouse experiment viability of the seeds from capsules that were left to dry on the greenhouse bench was higher than that of seeds from entire plant that were left to dry on the greenhouse bench. However, in the field experiment this rate was ranked differently as it was higher for seeds from the entire plant dried at the soil surface compared to the seeds from capsules which were separated and dried at the soil surface. In the greenhouse experiment the size of the seeds from separated capsules was more than the size of the seeds from attached capsules to the entire plant. However, there was not any significant difference between these two treatments in the field experiment. This can demonstrate the rapid drying rate of seeds from detached capsules than the attached ones in the greenhouse experiment which leads to the more viability and survival in the desiccated condition of greenhouse. This difference is likely due to the greater desiccation tolerance of seeds from detached capsules. In the field, opposite trends were observed and may have been due to the wet conditions present at the field site after plants or capsules had been cut. Results of this study showed that mechanical cultivation, mowing or cutting the entire plant (capsules remain attached to the parent plant) during hot months of summer in the areas with less precipitation and splitting the velvetleaf shoot to the small pieces (disk) in the wet area with high precipitation would be an effective management for avoiding viable seed production of velvetleaf. Also these species should be cut before the second stage of development of seed to produce minimum viable seeds.

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APA: Copy

Kordbacheh, Farnaz, RAHIMIAN MASHHADI, HAMID, ALIZADEH, HASSAN, OVEISI, MOSTAFA, & TAVAKOL AFSHARI, REZA. (2014). Investigating the Effect of Cutting Methods at Different Developmental Stages on Seed Viability of Abutilon theophrasti. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE, 10(1 ), 47-59. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/185176/en

Vancouver: Copy

Kordbacheh Farnaz, RAHIMIAN MASHHADI HAMID, ALIZADEH HASSAN, OVEISI MOSTAFA, TAVAKOL AFSHARI REZA. Investigating the Effect of Cutting Methods at Different Developmental Stages on Seed Viability of Abutilon theophrasti. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE[Internet]. 2014;10(1 ):47-59. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/185176/en

IEEE: Copy

Farnaz Kordbacheh, HAMID RAHIMIAN MASHHADI, HASSAN ALIZADEH, MOSTAFA OVEISI, and REZA TAVAKOL AFSHARI, “Investigating the Effect of Cutting Methods at Different Developmental Stages on Seed Viability of Abutilon theophrasti,” IRANIAN JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE, vol. 10, no. 1 , pp. 47–59, 2014, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/185176/en

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