EVOLUTION OF SOILS FORMED ON QUATERNARY SEDIMENTS IN SOME PARTS OF URMIA PLAIN

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FARZAMNIA P.; MANAFI SH.; MOMTAZ H.R.

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Journal: Journal of Soil Management and Sustainable Production Year:2015 | Volume:5 | Issue:2 Page(s): 93-111

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Title

EVOLUTION OF SOILS FORMED ON QUATERNARY SEDIMENTS IN SOME PARTS OF URMIA PLAIN

Author(s)

FARZAMNIA P. | MANAFI SH. | MOMTAZ H.R. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

CLAY MINERALOGYQ2

CLIMATE CHANGEQ2

QUATERNARYQ1

URMIA PLAINQ2

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Nowadays, in developing countries like Iran, a lot of engineering, agricultural and natural resources projects are done and the common part of all of these project is their QUATERNARY media. QUATERNARY sediments have occupied most of the agricultural and natural resources of URMIA PLAIN. Recognition of physicochemical and mineralogical properties of these soils is essential to optimum and stable use of these lands.Materials and Methods: This study was done in QUATERNARY sediments in URMIA PLAIN in West Azerbaijan province. The study area has been located on QUATERNARY sediments and physiographically, this area is a part of a river alluvial plain with a gentle slope toward Urmia Lake. The mean annual precipitation and temperature of this area are 345.37 mm and 10.83oC respectively and its soil moisture and temperature are dry xeric and mesic respectively. In this study eight soil profiles in QUATERNARY sediments in the North West Urmia were dug and described and classified using standard methods and their physicochemical and mineralogical properties were determined using standard methods.Results: In this study, eight soil profiles in QUATERNARY sediments in the north east of URMIA PLAIN were investigated. Results showed that due to sequential soil erosion and sedimentation processes these soils have little thickness and evolution which have resulted on their classification as Mollisols and Inceptisols. Consecutive erosion-deposition and soil forming processes at different wet and dry periods have been led to the formation of calcic horizons and sedimentary layers to the depth of 300 cm. These buried horizons reflect climatic variations during QUATERNARY in which in the wetter periods the dissolution and translocation of carbonates and in the drier periods, precipitation and accumulation of carbonates have been taken place. The texture of these soils varied from light to heavy and their clay content increased with soil depth, their organic carbon content decreased with soil depth. The cation exchange capacity of these soils showed a clear relation with organic carbon, clay content and CLAY MINERALOGY. Clay mineralogical studies revealed smectite, kaolinite, illite, chlorite and vermiculite as dominant clay minerals in the study area. Illite, cholorite and kaolinite mainly inherited from the parent materials; while the presence of vermiculite was attributed to pedogenic processes. Smectite was also found to have three origins of inheritance, neoformation and transformation and its abundance was increased with depth. The origin of smectite in the buried horizons was attributed to the illite transformation. According to the heavy moisture demand on illite weathering, the occurrence of this process can be associated with more humid condition during the past climate.Conclusion: The study of physico-chemical and mineralogical properties of soils on QUATERNARY sediments of URMIA PLAIN revealed that the processes of erosion-precipitation and pedogenesis have been taken place consecutively and the climate of this area has been changed during QUATERNARY.

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APA: Copy

FARZAMNIA, P., MANAFI, SH., & MOMTAZ, H.R.. (2015). EVOLUTION OF SOILS FORMED ON QUATERNARY SEDIMENTS IN SOME PARTS OF URMIA PLAIN. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF SOIL MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION, 5(2), 93-111. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/209947/en

Vancouver: Copy

FARZAMNIA P., MANAFI SH., MOMTAZ H.R.. EVOLUTION OF SOILS FORMED ON QUATERNARY SEDIMENTS IN SOME PARTS OF URMIA PLAIN. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF SOIL MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION[Internet]. 2015;5(2):93-111. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/209947/en

IEEE: Copy

P. FARZAMNIA, SH. MANAFI, and H.R. MOMTAZ, “EVOLUTION OF SOILS FORMED ON QUATERNARY SEDIMENTS IN SOME PARTS OF URMIA PLAIN,” ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF SOIL MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 93–111, 2015, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/209947/en

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