Effects of transient hypo-and hyper-thyroidism after extreme feed restriction on performance and ascites index of broiler chickens

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KARIMI A.; Babayan H.; NEMATI Z.; ABDI E.

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Journal: ANIMAL SCIENCE RESEARCHES (FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, UNIVERSITY OF TABRIZ) Year:2019 | Volume:28 | Issue:4 Page(s): 165-180

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Title

Effects of transient hypo-and hyper-thyroidism after extreme feed restriction on performance and ascites index of broiler chickens

Author(s)

KARIMI A. | Babayan H. | NEMATI Z. | ABDI E. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Ascites indexQ1

Compensatory growthQ1

Feed restrictionQ1

HyperthyroidismQ1

HypothyroidismQ1

Abstract

Introduction: Rearing length of broiler chickens has been substantially decreased and concurrently growth performance has been increased (Hulet, 2007). Prevalence of some certain metabolic disorders such as ascites is occurred in association with high growth rate (Julian, 2005) and increased Oxygen demand for metabolism (Wideman et al, 1996). It seems that decreasing in feed offering induces higher relative growth rate in internal body parts such as heart, liver and etc. (Boostani et al, 2010) that can be effective in prevention of metabolic disorders. In general, Feed restriction included of quantitative and qualitative restrictions, in which quantitative is related to limit the amount of daily feed offered to the birds, whereas qualitative restriction is related to dietary nutrient dilution (Zubair and Leeson, 1996). Therefore, compensatory gain after Feed restriction may have positive effects on feed efficiency and cause more economic benefits (Plavnik and Hurwitz, 1990). In a previous experiment using various methods and different levels of Feed restriction, it was indicated that every other day Feed restriction from 9 to 18 days of age resulted in higher commercial efficiency and productivity (Karimi and Nemati, 2018). In another study by Maleki et al (2018), ascites was induced by thyroxin administration after light Feed restriction period. Thyroxin consumption resulted to lower feed intake and body weight because of catabolic effects of thyroxin. While, there are some studies showed positive effects of thyroxin on cell differentiation and finally body growth, which are controversial with the study of Maleki et al (2018). On the other hand, what results can be expected by administering of Methimazole instead of thyroxin? It is expected that lower body metabolism by the use of Methimazole versus catabolic effects of thyroxin, induces higher growth with no metabolic disorders because of lower metabolic rate and oxygen demands and lower pressure on internal body organs. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effects of hyper-and Hypothyroidism on Compensatory growth, productivity traits and blood parameters in broiler chickens. Materials and methods: Total number of 640 one-day old boiler chicks were used based on a completely randomized design and allocated to 4 experimental groups with 4 replicates per each group. Experimental groups included: 1) control group with no Feed restriction (con), 2) every other day Feed restriction from 8 to 21 d (FR), 3) resemble to group 2 followed by Levothyroxin administration (FRLev), 4) resemble to group 2 followed by Methimazole administration (FRMMI). Feed consumption, body weight, FCR (feed conversion rate) and EPF (European productivity factor) were calculated at the end of every rearing phase (starter: 1-21 days of age (d), grower: 22-35 d, finisher: 36-49 d). Blood sampling and sacrificing (three birds per each replicate) were carried out at day 49 of experiment. Carcass segments and blood factors included T3 (Triiodothyronine), T4 (thyroxine), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and hematocrit were evaluated. In order to determine the Ascites index, as an indicator of cardiac function and hypertrophy index, Ascites index was calculated by the cardiac right ventricular mass ratio to the cardiac left ventricular and ventricular septum mass (Maleki et al, 2018). All data were analyzed based on a completely randomized design by proc GLM of SAS software (version 9. 1) and means were compared by Duncan multiple range test. Results and discussion: Statistical analysis of d 21 of experiment declared higher feed intake (FI) and body weight (BW) in CON versus FR group because of lower feed offering, but there was no significant difference in FCR parameter among experimental groups. In grower phase, body weight gain was higher in experimental groups (except for FRLev) than control group. There were substantial differences among experimental groups in FCR, in this regard the best FCR was observed in FR group. The lowest feed consumption was observed in group FRLev (group FRMMI) in total. Group FR significantly had lower FI and feed conversion ratio (FCR) and higher European Productivity Efficiency factor (EPEF) than other experimental groups (P<0. 05). T4 administration after Feed restriction period induced lower FI and FCR than CON (P<0. 05), but MMI administration had no substantial effects on commercial traits and finally led to lower BW versus CON at d 49 (P>0. 05). Induction of hyper and hypo thyroidism led to higher relative weight of liver versus CON (P<0. 05). There was higher T4 in Hyperthyroidism and lower T3 in Hypothyroidism groups at d 49, respectively. There were no significant differences among experimental groups in AST, ALT, ALP, hematocrit, and Ascites index at 49 days (P>0. 05). Conclusion: It seems every other day Feed restriction, from d 8 to 21, without following thyroid manipulation led to productivity improvement without negative effects on carcass properties.

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APA: Copy

KARIMI, A., Babayan, H., NEMATI, Z., & ABDI, E.. (2019). Effects of transient hypo-and hyper-thyroidism after extreme feed restriction on performance and ascites index of broiler chickens. ANIMAL SCIENCE RESEARCHES (FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, UNIVERSITY OF TABRIZ), 28(4 ), 165-180. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/369306/en

Vancouver: Copy

KARIMI A., Babayan H., NEMATI Z., ABDI E.. Effects of transient hypo-and hyper-thyroidism after extreme feed restriction on performance and ascites index of broiler chickens. ANIMAL SCIENCE RESEARCHES (FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, UNIVERSITY OF TABRIZ)[Internet]. 2019;28(4 ):165-180. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/369306/en

IEEE: Copy

A. KARIMI, H. Babayan, Z. NEMATI, and E. ABDI, “Effects of transient hypo-and hyper-thyroidism after extreme feed restriction on performance and ascites index of broiler chickens,” ANIMAL SCIENCE RESEARCHES (FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, UNIVERSITY OF TABRIZ), vol. 28, no. 4 , pp. 165–180, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/369306/en

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