Losses of soil, organic carbon, phosphorous and potassium due to interrill erosion influenced by wind velocity and different levels of plant residue coverage

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Poormirkamali S.; MAHMOODABADI M.

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Journal: Journal of Soil Management and Sustainable Production Year:2021 | Volume:10 | Issue:4 Page(s): 173-189

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Title

Losses of soil, organic carbon, phosphorous and potassium due to interrill erosion influenced by wind velocity and different levels of plant residue coverage

Author(s)

Poormirkamali S. | MAHMOODABADI M. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Interrill erosionQ1

Soil organic carbonQ1

Wheat strawQ1

Wind and rain simulatorQ1

Wind erosivityQ2

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Interrill erosion is one of the most important forms of soil erosion in agricultural lands resulting in soil quality decline and nutrients loss. Despite many studies have been done on Interrill erosion, few studies have been conducted on the losses of soil, organic carbon (OC) and nutrients due to wind-driven Interrill erosion. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of different percentages of Wheat straw coverage and wind velocities on the losses of soil, OC, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) following to wind-driven Interrill erosion on two contrasting cropland soil samples. Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted as factorial in a completely randomized design using three factors. Two soil samples with maximum aggregate sizes of 2 and 4. 75 mm covered with four levels of Wheat straw mulch including 0 (as control), 30, 60, 90% (equal to 800, 1650, and 3300 kg ha-1) were examined at different wind velocities (0, 6 and 12 m s-1), each at three replicates under simulated rain and winds. Therefore, a constant rainfall intensity of 40 mm h-1 was generated for 40 minutes and the amounts of soil loss, as well as OC, P and K losses were measured. Finally, the relationship of wind-driven Interrill erosion rate with the OC, P, and K losses was evaluated. Results: The results showed that the loss of soil, OC, P, and K in the studied soils ranged from 8. 1 to 134. 9, 0. 02 to 1. 28, 0. 03×10-3 to 1. 45×10-3, and 0. 007 to 0. 160 mg m-2 s-1, respectively. With increasing the percentage of mulch, the losses were reduced significantly as nonlinear trends. In contrast, higher wind velocities increased the losses of soil and the nutrients. In the absence of wind and coverage, fewer interrill soil losses were found in the soil containing coarser aggregates. The OC loss in the soils was higher than the P and K losses. However, the relationship of soil loss with OC and P losses was closer than that with the K loss. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that blowing of erosive winds during a rainfall can intensify the losses of soil and nutrients. However, wind velocity enhances the flow stream power, the mulch coverage can reduce the losses by increasing the surface roughness and conserving the soil surface from the direct impact of raindrops. Moreover, the presence of larger aggregates at the soil surface has an effective influence on the Interrill erosion control. Based on the findings of this study, 60% was determined as the optimal coverage of Wheat straw to control soil loss due to Interrill erosion. Therefore, keeping this amount of plant residue coverage on agricultural soils can considerably constrain the losses of soil and nutrients due to wind-driven Interrill erosion.

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APA: Copy

Poormirkamali, S., & MAHMOODABADI, M.. (2021). Losses of soil, organic carbon, phosphorous and potassium due to interrill erosion influenced by wind velocity and different levels of plant residue coverage. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF SOIL MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION, 10(4 ), 173-189. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/405418/en

Vancouver: Copy

Poormirkamali S., MAHMOODABADI M.. Losses of soil, organic carbon, phosphorous and potassium due to interrill erosion influenced by wind velocity and different levels of plant residue coverage. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF SOIL MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION[Internet]. 2021;10(4 ):173-189. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/405418/en

IEEE: Copy

S. Poormirkamali, and M. MAHMOODABADI, “Losses of soil, organic carbon, phosphorous and potassium due to interrill erosion influenced by wind velocity and different levels of plant residue coverage,” ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF SOIL MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION, vol. 10, no. 4 , pp. 173–189, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/405418/en

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