SHORT-TERM TILLAGE AND MANURE INFLUENCES ON SOIL BULK DENSITY, CONE INDEX AND CORN ROOT ATTRIBUTES

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SAFADOUST A.; MAHBOUBI ALI AKBAR; MOSADEGHI M.R.; NOUROUZI ABAS; ASADIAN GH.

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Journal: AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH Year:2005 | Volume:5 | Issue:1 Page(s): 14-29

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Title

SHORT-TERM TILLAGE AND MANURE INFLUENCES ON SOIL BULK DENSITY, CONE INDEX AND CORN ROOT ATTRIBUTES

Author(s)

Keywords

ROOT LENGTH DENSITYQ4

BULK DENSITYQ3

TILLAGEQ2

ROOT SURFACE AREAQ2

CONE INDEXQ3

MANUREQ2

Abstract

Short-term changes of soil BULK DENSITY (BD), CONE INDEX (CI), corn (Zea mays L.) ROOT LENGTH DENSITY (RLD) and ROOT SURFACE AREA (RSA) under different management regimes was studied. The interaction effects of TILLAGE (no-till, NT; chisel plow, CP; and moldboard plow, MP) and composted cattle MANURE applications [0, 30, and 60 Mg (dry weight) ha-1] on BD, CI, RLD and RSA were assessed in a split-plot design under corn plants. The BD and CI were determined to depth of 22.5 and 30 cm, respectively. The RLD and RSA were measured to depth of 50 cm. TILLAGE methods and MANURE applications had significant effects on BD, CI, RLD and RSA. The MP system had higher values of RLD and RSA with lower values of both CI and BD. The NT system resulted in lower RLD, and higher CI and BD. The increased BD and CI of the topsoil in the NT treatment probably restricted root growth. Adding MANURE to the soil significantly increased RLD and RSA in the order of 60>30>0 Mg MANURE ha-1. There were also significant differences in CI and BD among the MANURE treatments. The positive effects on CI and BD of MANURE applications are attributable to MANURE incorporation in soil structural improvement. The results indicate short-term positive effects of MANURE application on soil physical properties under moldboard and chisel plowings in the semi-arid regions. Our findings indicate short-term beneficial effects of MANURE application on corn root characteristics while combined with the TILLAGE systems.

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