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Information Journal Paper

Title

Water use efficiency and chilli pepper plant yield in sweetening saline water method by condensation with sunlight (distillation irrigation)

Pages

  173-186

Abstract

 Introduction Freshwater resources are fundamental for agriculture and food production. The increasing demands for water and climate changes cause shortage of fresh water on the planet. The water shortages can also limit the agricultural production which can endanger human food security. Due to the restriction of freshwater resources in the recent decades, many researchers have focused on the use of the new methods for sweetening Saline water. The sweetening Saline water need to energy and this cause restriction use of these processes. Use of renewable energy is one of the best solutions for this problem. Solar energy is an environmentally responsible method of generating power, and also makes financial sense. In addition to being renewable, Solar energy is typically labeled a green source of energy due to the lack of harmful environmental side effects associated with its use. Iran has a high Solar energy potential, because it if located in mid latitude and also arid areas of the earth. Sweetening Saline water by using Solar energy is one of the methods in which Saline water first evaporates and then converts to fresh water by condensation. When this method used for irrigation, it is called Condensation irrigation. Condensation irrigation (CI) is a combined system for solar Desalination and irrigation. The Condensation irrigation system presented in this research uses solar thermal energy to evaporate Saline water. At the first the Saline water convert to vapor by Solar energy and then the vapor become cooled and precipitates as freshwater on the distillation container walls. Methods In this study, Condensation irrigation method was used for irrigating chili pepper in Shahrekord. This experiment was arranged as factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with four types of water (distilled water, drinking water and water with salinity of 4 and 6. 5 dS/m) and three types of distillation container including of transparent and dark plastic hemisphere and pyramidal glass, as distillation areas. Two types of Saline water used in this research were obtained from two regions of Naein in Isfahan province. The region is a desert region located on the margin of the desert areas of Iran and its water grounds are generally salty. After preparing the culture medium, the chili pepper seedlings were transferred to the field. Some growth related characteristics and also some physiological parameters such as, total fresh and dry weight of the Shoots, total fresh weight of fruit, plant height, number of fruits, leaf relative water content and chemical indices including chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll, ion leakage, carotenoids and also water use efficiency and the volume of consumed water were measured and evaluated. In order to analyze the results, SAS software (version 1/9) was used. Mean comparison was also performed by LSD test. Results The results showed that, with increasing the salinity of water, the fresh and dry weight of the fruit, shoot weight, relative water content, carotenoids, water volume and water use efficiency decrease compared with distilled and drinking water, so that the water with salinity of 6. 5 dS/m showed the most decrease in the studied indices. By increasing the salinity of the water inside the containers, the amount of evaporation decreases, resulting in the amount of fresh water produced on the Distillation containers. In other words, the amount of available water to the plant decreases. Indices such as ion leakage that indicating plant damage due to water stress was also higher in two Saline waters (water with salinity of 4 and 6. 5 dS/m). Also, the amount of carotenoids in the two Saline waters was lower. By reducing available water for the plant (in other words, the more water stress for the plant) these indices become lower. Among the Distillation containers, the highest values of the above indices were observed in the pyramidal glass. The highest amount of water use efficiency was obtained in the two types of fresh water with an average of 4. 4 kg / m3 and the lowest value (1. 6 kg/ m3) in water treatment with salinity of 6. 5 dS/m. Finally, the results showed that if the distilled irrigation with water treatment with salinity of 4 and 6. 5 dS/m and glass pyramid distillation is used, this method can supplies 38% and 36% of water requirement and the rest of the water have to provide by supplemental irrigation.

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    APA: Copy

    Mosharrafiyan, Zahra, GHASEMI, AHMAD REZA, NOORI, MOHAMMAD REZA, & Reezi, Saeid. (2020). Water use efficiency and chilli pepper plant yield in sweetening saline water method by condensation with sunlight (distillation irrigation). IRANIAN WATER RESEARCH JOURNAL, 14(2 (37) ), 173-186. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/952357/en

    Vancouver: Copy

    Mosharrafiyan Zahra, GHASEMI AHMAD REZA, NOORI MOHAMMAD REZA, Reezi Saeid. Water use efficiency and chilli pepper plant yield in sweetening saline water method by condensation with sunlight (distillation irrigation). IRANIAN WATER RESEARCH JOURNAL[Internet]. 2020;14(2 (37) ):173-186. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/952357/en

    IEEE: Copy

    Zahra Mosharrafiyan, AHMAD REZA GHASEMI, MOHAMMAD REZA NOORI, and Saeid Reezi, “Water use efficiency and chilli pepper plant yield in sweetening saline water method by condensation with sunlight (distillation irrigation),” IRANIAN WATER RESEARCH JOURNAL, vol. 14, no. 2 (37) , pp. 173–186, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/952357/en

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