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Information Journal Paper

Title

Change of physical fractions of soil organic carbon in different aggregate sizes in a natural forest soil after conversion to paddy rice field and determination of the most sensitive and resistant fractions to land use change

Pages

  129-146

Abstract

 Background and Objectives: Human activities such as deforestation, conversion of natural ecosystems to farming, biomass burning, tillage and cultivation, grazing, fertilizer use have a significant and negative impact on soil organic carbon pool. In particular, the conversion of natural ecosystems to agriculture reduces soil organic carbon pools. Understanding the spatial distribution of organic carbon in soil is particularly important for understanding the role of soil in the global carbon system. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the changes of total carbon and its components in different sizes of aggregates of a forest soil after conversion to paddy. Materials and Methods: For this study, Poplar Research Station in Guilan province was selected. Soil samples were collected from two uses of forest and adjacent paddy fields at two depths (0-20 and 20-40 cm). The factors included land use type at two levels and soil depth at two levels that were studied in three replications. Therefore, the number of experimental treatments was 4, and by applying 3 replications, there were a total of 12 experimental units. In the soil samples, aggregates of different sizes (>2 mm, 2-0. 25 mm, 0. 25-0. 053 mm and <0. 053 mm) were separated and the amount of organic carbon in these aggregates was measured. Organic carbon was then densified based on density in different sizes of these aggregates. Results: Investigation of organic carbon distribution in relation to aggregate size in two land uses showed that with increasing aggregate size, organic carbon content increase. The amount of organic carbon is 4. 5 and 3. 3 times higher in Populus natural forest and rice fields (average of two depths per use) in aggregates larger than 2 mm (larger aggregates) than smaller aggregates 0. 053 mm, respectively. The amount of organic carbon in the aggregates decreased with the change from natural forest to paddy fields. However, the decrease was greater in aggregates larger than 2 mm and lowest in aggregates (0. 25– 0. 053 mm). Results of soil Organic carbon fractionation showed that percentage of soil weight in fractions increased with increasing density in two land use. This situation was visible in two depths and in all the aggregate sizes. By increasing the density of fractions, the concentration of organic carbon in the fractions decreased. The organic carbon content of the fractions as a percentage of organic carbon content of whole soil, in all the aggregate sizes, and in the fractions with density < 2 g cm-3 was smaller than those of fractions with density > 2 g cm-3. In all of the aggregates, with increasing depth, organic carbon content of the fractions with density < 2 g cm-3 as a percentage of organic carbon content of whole soil decreased while those of the fractions with density of > 2 g cm-3 increased. By increasing the density of fractions, the C/N ratio of the fractions decreased. In all of the aggregate, due to the change of land use from natural forests to rice field, organic carbon content of the fractions as a percentage of organic carbon content of whole soil, reduced in the fractions with density < 2 g cm-3 and increased in the fractions with density > 2 g cm-3 and this was more pronounced in aggregates of larger size. The most sensitive and resistant fractions to Land use change were fraction <1. 6 g cm-3 (Free particulate organic matter and Occluded particulate organic matter) and fraction > 2 g/cm 3 respectively. The ratio of carbon to nitrogen decreased as a result of Land use change from natural forest to the rice field. Conclusion: The change of land use and long-term cultivation in virgin forests and its transformation in rice field has changed organic carbon content of the fractions. The amount of free and Occluded particulate organic matter in the aggregate (light fraction), which plays a very important role in the nutrition of the crop, was greatly reduced. This reduces the soil's health and the potential for carbon sequestration in the soil.

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    APA: Copy

    VARASTEH KHANLARI, Z., GOLCHIN, A., & Alamdari, P.. (2021). Change of physical fractions of soil organic carbon in different aggregate sizes in a natural forest soil after conversion to paddy rice field and determination of the most sensitive and resistant fractions to land use change. JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES), 28(1 ), 129-146. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/965148/en

    Vancouver: Copy

    VARASTEH KHANLARI Z., GOLCHIN A., Alamdari P.. Change of physical fractions of soil organic carbon in different aggregate sizes in a natural forest soil after conversion to paddy rice field and determination of the most sensitive and resistant fractions to land use change. JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES)[Internet]. 2021;28(1 ):129-146. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/965148/en

    IEEE: Copy

    Z. VARASTEH KHANLARI, A. GOLCHIN, and P. Alamdari, “Change of physical fractions of soil organic carbon in different aggregate sizes in a natural forest soil after conversion to paddy rice field and determination of the most sensitive and resistant fractions to land use change,” JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES), vol. 28, no. 1 , pp. 129–146, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/965148/en

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