In this essay we will study the principal European literacy movement in the latter half of the 19th century and the first decade of the 20th century.
The term "Naturalism" describes a type of literature attempting to apply scientific principles of objectivity and detachment to its study on human beings. Unlike realism, which focuses on literary technique, Naturalism Implies a philosophical position: for naturalism writers, since human being are in Zolas phrase, " human beats" Characters can be studied through their Relationships to their surroundings who said that novelist should be like the scientist, examining dispassionately various phenomena in life and drawing in disputable conclusions.
The naturalists tended to concern themselves with the harsh, often sordid, aspects of life, Zolas description of this method in the Experimental Novel, (1880).
Following Claude Bernards Medical and the historian Hippolyte Taines observe that "Virtue and Vice are products like vitriol and sugar" That is, that human beings as the "producers" should be studied impartially, without moralizing about their natures.