Background: The accurate diagnosis of infections can significantly enhance preventative measures against abortion. Objectives: The rates of Streptococcus agalactiae, Mycoplasma hominis, and Listeria monocytogenes were investigated in the vaginal secretions of women with abortion. Furthermore, this study aimed to detect S. agalactiae capsular types by multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Methods: The study collected vaginal samples obtained from a cohort of women with abortions of unknown cause from various healthcare facilities across Iran, as well as their counterparts who did not experience any reproductive issues. Molecular identification was performed by a multiplex PCR protocol for the amplification of specific regions within the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. The capsular polysaccharide of S. agalactiae was identified by multiplex PCR of the caps gene. Then, the sequences of the amplified gene were analyzed by Mega X. Finally, some factors that exerted a noteworthy influence on the likelihood of miscarriage were determined. Results: The study found S. agalactiae, M. hominis, and L. monocytogenes in the vaginal secretions of women with abortion, with respective frequencies of 9. 09%, 4. 54%, and 2. 7%, which were more than the frequencies in the pregnant healthy women. The caps III (4%) and caps V (6%) genes were identified in the S. agalactiae isolates. The sequences of caps III or caps V did not show any differences among the isolates containing each gene. Conclusions: The findings demonstrated the significance of preemptively managing prevalent infections and investigating risk factors in women prior to pregnancy. No difference in the sequences of the caps genes is promising for the adoption of vaccination and therapeutic strategies.

As usual, let $\mathcal RL$ denote the ring of real-valued continuous functions on a completely regular frame $L$. Let $\beta L$ and  $\lambda L$ denote the  Stone-\v{C}ech compactification of $L$ and the Lindel\"of coreflection of $L$, respectively. There is a natural way of associating with each sublocale of $\beta L$ two ideals of $\mathcal RL$, motivated by a similar situation in $C(X)$. In~\cite{DS1}, the authors go one step further and associate with each sublocale  of $\lambda L$ an ideal of $\mathcal RL$ in a manner similar to one of the ways one does  it for sublocales of $\beta L$.  The intent in this paper is to augment~\cite{DS1} by considering two other coreflections; namely, the realcompact and the paracompact   coreflections.\\        We show that $\boldsymbol M$-ideals of $\mathcal RL$ indexed by sublocales of $\beta L$ are precisely the intersections of maximal ideals of  $\mathcal RL$. An $\boldsymbol{M}$-ideal of $\mathcal RL$ is \emph{grounded} in case it is of the form $\boldsymbol{M}_S$ for some sublocale $S$ of $L$. A similar definition is given for an  $\boldsymbol{O}$-ideal of $\mathcal RL$.  We characterise $\boldsymbol M$-ideals of $\mathcal RL$ indexed by spatial sublocales of $\beta L$, and $\boldsymbol O$-ideals of $\mathcal RL$ indexed by closed sublocales of $\beta L$ in terms of grounded maximal ideals of $\mathcal RL$.

Background and Objective: Phenol presence and its derivatives in water and waste water on human health and the environment is one the major concerns. Because of the toxicity of phenol and also because of the presence of even low concentrations in natural resources, water disinfection and oxidation processes can lead to the formation of additional components. This material is one of the most common organic pollutants in water. In this research, adsorption of phenol from wastewater by sawdust was simulated using intelligent techniques. Method: Intelligent techniques including multi-layer Perceptron, radial basis functions network and support vector regression were used. To design the network structure as well as the training and testing of 125 sets of experimental data is used. Performance evaluation criteria and stop network consists of % AARE and R2, which is used for all three models. Findings: All models compared results showed that the support vector regression with 0. 5132 and 0. 979, respectively, for %AARE and R2 is the best model. All models are better results than the quadratic polynomial model showed. Discussion and Conclusion: Models showed good agreement with experimental data. The optimum conditions for the removal of phenol were 127. 6 mg/l of initial phenol concentration, 0. 84 g/l of adsorbent dose, natural pH value of 3. 62 and 146. 9 min of contact time, under these conditions the maximum removal efficiency was 91. 23%.

The printed circuit boards of mobile phones contain precious metals such as gold, platinum, and palladium, with 542, 30, and 26 ppm, respectively, and among the available base metals, copper constitutes the highest weight percentage (30.675%). Therefore, the recycling of this waste is very important not only from an environmental point of view but also from an economic point of view. the leaching operation, was performed, on the original sample printed circuit boards of mobile phones and cakes obtained from leaching with sulfuric acid by the amino acid L-valine and the effect of parameters such as L-valine concentration, temperature, pH, time, the oxidizing amount, the pulp density on the gold recovery was investigated and compared. The results showed that the parameters of temperature, leaching time, pH, relative to pulp density, L-valine concentration, and the amount of oxidant are more important in gold recovery, respectively. Recovery of gold leaching with L-valine amino acid under optimal conditions of L-valine concentration of 200 g/t, temperature 80 °C, pulp density 10%, oxidizing amount of 50 ml/l, pH 11.5, and leaching time 32 hours on the original sample and the cake obtained from leaching with sulfuric acid were 62.23% and 87.34%, respectively. In other words, by acid leaching with sulfuric acid before leaching with amino acid L-valine, the recovery of gold leaching by L-valine increases by about 25.11%.

The dynamics behavior and stability of axially functionally graded fluid-conveying nanotube is investigated, in this paper. The simultaneous influence of both fluid flow and variation of modulus of elasticity on the behavior of simply–simply supported (S-S) and clamp-clamp (C-C) boundary conditions conveying fluid were studied. Small-scale effects are considered using nonlocal couple stress theory in the solid part and in the fluid part. Based on the nonlocal couple stress theory, Bernoulli-Euler beam theory, and Hamilton’s principle, the governing equation of motion, and associated boundary conditions were derived to explain fluid-structure interaction (FSI). These equations were solved using Galerkin numerical method and temporal differential equation analysis method. The effects of some parameters such as Knudsen number, density, size parameter, and … were investigated. According to the results, it can be seen that the present method has created an equilibrium for the effect of the size parameters (μ, l) on the critical velocity. The higher value of the Knudsen number caused sooner divergence and flutter instabilities to happen. The results show that if the parameters of the size effect are not considered, it causes errors in the calculations. The obtained results confirm the crucial effects of size.

From the reaction of ZnCl2 and HgCl2 metal salts with (E)-4-chloro-N-(pyridine-2-ylmethylene) benzeneamine (L) in methanol solution, two binuclear Schiff base complexes were prepared. Both complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, UV–Vis, and IR spectrophotometry. X-ray crystal structure analysis showed that metal ion in the resulting centrosymmetric dinuclear ML2Cl4 complexes is in a distorted trigonal bipyramidal and a distorted square pyramidal coordination environment in the case of Zn (II) and Hg (II) metal ions, respectively. Three types of reaction between MCl2 salts and ligand L producing three different types of products-ML22+, MLCl2, and M2L2Cl4-were simulated in both the gas phase and solution. The gas phase calculations at DFT (B3LYP) level of theory using SDD, CEP-121G, and LanL2DZ basis sets showed that the binuclear M2L2Cl4 complexes are more stable than corresponding mononuclear MLCl2 complexes. Furthermore, both the gas phase and solution studies showed that the formation of M2L2Cl4 complexes from the metal cations, chloride anion, and ligand molecule is energetically more favored than that of MLCl2 and ML22+ complexes.

Convenient and environmentally benign procedures have been reported for the synthesis of 1,4,5-trisubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles by the reaction of aryl azides with active methylene compounds in ionic liquid [bmim] BF4 in the presence of l-proline as a catalyst and also in task-specific basic ionic liquid [bmim] OH. The methodologies defined herein avoid the severe conditions as posed by earlier existing methods and proved to be efficient in terms of good yields, operational simplicity, easy workup and short reaction time.

To optimize the Allura Red adsorption parameters on nanodiopside/ZnFe-LDH composite, response surface methodology was employed.To ensure a high performance over the experimental ranges employed, and to compare the conjunct effects of the initial concentration of Allura Red, pH, adsorbent dosage, temperature and contact time on the adsorption process such optimization was convinced . A total of 32 adsorption experimental runs were carried out employing the detailed conditions designed by response surface methodology based on the Box–Behnken design in order to optimize the status employed in the batch process. By analysis of variance (ANOVA) it is indicated that a second-order polynomial regression equation was the most appropriate polynomial for fitting the experimental data. The experimental verification tests presented a complement between the predicted and experimental responses (R2). The optimal point obtained was located in the valid region and the optimum adsorption parameters were approximated as an initial Allura Red concentration of 19.80 mg/L, a pH value of 4.09, and adsorbent dosage of 0.04 g, a temperature of 32.61°C and contact time of 23.93 min.

In this work, we synthesized Poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) by radical polymerization. A pair of copolymers containing the poly(4-vinylpyridine) were quaternized using octyl bromide to get P4VP-C8Br with degrees of quaternization of 48.8% and 72%. The P4VP and these two copolymers were characterized by 1H NMR, IR and ATG. Moreover, we studied the impact of the extent of quaternization and the concentration on the interaction of the P4VP-C8Br 48.8% and P4VP-C8Br 72% copolymers with proton H+ at 25 °C, within the neutralization range (0-1). In addition potentiometry technique was performed to evaluate this interaction for different concentrations and a phase diagrams of solubility was established in the concentration interval of (0.6×10-4 g/L - 3×10-4 g/L) for the two copolymers.The pKa variation versus copolymer concentration and it quaternization rate was examined. In the neutralization degree range (0 < α < 1), we noticed that the copolymer shows the modification in the structure and conformation caused by the presence of hydrophobic- hydrophilic and hydrophobic-hydrophobic interactions.

The inhibition effect of Bhumyamalakhi (Phyllanthus Niruri) on 6061 aluminium alloy erosion-corrosion in simulated seawater was explored using potentiodynamic polarisation (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. Experiments were performed to examine the hydrodynamic effects on the behavior of the inhibitor. Conditions were optimized to achieve maximum inhibition efficiency by varying the concentration of inhibitor (500 and 1000ppm), temperature (30 , 40 , 50 ), and flowrate (4, 8, 12 L/min) of slurry. Surface morphology was studied with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersion X ray (EDX) studies. The experimental findings indicated that an increase in flowrate and temperature decreased the efficiency of inhibitor and an increase in inhibitor concentration caused an increase in inhibitor efficiency. The inhibition efficiency of 80% and 53% was obtained at 30 °C and 50 °C at 4 L/min for 1000 ppm of inhibitor. Surface morphology demonstrated the complete damage of the material due to erosion corrosion and the surface became relatively smooth after the addition of the inhibitor.