Some evidence suggests that vigorous physical activity with a mask may potentially increase cardiac workload. The aim of the current research is to investigate the effect of 2 weeks of moderate-intensity training group with a face mask on the physiological responses of the cardiac autonomic system. In this practical and semi-experimental research, eighteen female volunteers were randomly were divided to two groups of MIIT with N95 masks and surgery masks. A control group of MIIT without mask was assigned. The MIIT with N95 mask and the MIIT group with surgical mask performed the weight-based interval training protocol while wearing N95 or surgical masks for two weeks. The MIIT group without mask also performed the same exercises without wearing a mask. CAS indices were evaluated using an electrocardiogram device and kubios software at rest and following the submaximal protocol before and after the 2-week MIIT intervention, and statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS software 25 version at the level Significance was done. Based on the Kolmogorov Smirnov test, parametric statistical methods including one-way ANOVA in repeated measurements were used to investigate the effect of submaximal running on a treadmill with two types of masks before and after two weeks of MIIT training. According to the two-way analysis of variance test, there was a non-significant decrease in R-R, RMSSD, SDNN, SD1 and SD2 values and a non-significant increase in the ratio of low frequency, and the ratio of low frequency/high frequency in the subsequent N95, SURGICAL and NO-MASK groups. According to two-way analysis of variance test, insignificant decrease in R-R, RMSSD, SDNN, SD1 and SD2 values and insignificant increase in low frequency ratio, and low frequency/high frequency ratio, in groups N95, SURGICAL and NO-MASK was observed following the submaximal protocol. Compared to the MIIT + Nomask group, two weeks of MIIT with mask improved the R-R, SD1 and SD2 values in response to the submaximal protocol, especially in the MIIT + SUR group There was no difference between N95 and SURGICAL groups. The findings of the present study showed that the tolerance of the cardiac autonomic system of healthy women to the sports stress protocol following two weeks of moderate intensity training with a mask, with more significant results in the group of moderate intensity training with a surgical mask. According to the results, healthy women can use a face mask during moderate-intensity exercise during the Covid-19 pandemic without worrying about possible harmful effects on the cardiovascular system.

Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson is from labiata plants and has different varieties which essential oil content and the quantitative composition of oils, as well as of other labiatae members seems to be influenced by environmental factors. In present study we select Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson var. chlorodictya Rech. F. samples collected from three different locations. The essential oils obtained by steam distillation, the percentage of all three oils were the same percentage which calculated on the dry weight, analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The major constituents of the samples were:sample - 1, piperitenone oxide (33.91%), Isopiperitenone (11.98%) and piperitone (8.40%), sample - 2, Isopiperitenone (57.96%), piperitone oxide (19.99%) and 1, 8 - cineole (5.49%), and sample - 3, Piperiton (43.96%), 1, 8 - cineole (13.73%), trans - piperitol (12.92%) and cis - pipeitol (9.34%).

Electrophoretic mobility of five blood plasma proteins [Albumine (Alb), Prealbumin (Pr), Postalbumin (Pas), Esterase (Es) and transferrin (Tf) were examined in two breeds or local populations of Iranian horses namely, Arab and Caspian miniature by using polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis. Gene frequencies were analyzed at five protein polymorphism loci. In addition, average heterozygosity and effective number of alleles per locus were calculated. Polymorphisms were found at five loci that brought about various phenotypes in two populations. CC and DD phenotypes in Tf system and FF phenotype in Es system were observed in Caspian miniature only. Between two populations allele frequencies difference for pr3 and pr4 in prealbumin system was relatively high whereas, breed difference at other loci was slight. Average heterozygosity and number of effective alleles in Caspian and Arab were seen accordingly as 0.4494, 1.8654 and 0.3688, 1.5670. From the present results it can be concluded that polymorphisms of proteins which have been studied, were higher in Caspian miniature horse than in Arab breed and this has causes more heterozygosity and number of effective alleles and consequently higher genetic variability in this population.

International trade theory argues that developing countries benefit from primary specialization because of the existence of comparative advantages and the utilization of the countries relative abundant factors. But at the same time, international specialization implies a high commodity dependency which were criticized by some development economists. It is believed that international specialization of commodity implies a high economic dependency to export earnings. However, since export commodity prices were not predictable then high instability in prices caused export earnings instability. Prices or earnings variability induce macroeconomic fluctuations mainly defined as the national income instability. This article analyzes the relationship between oil export earnings instability and economic growth in IRAN. With regards to instability concept, macroeconomic consequences can be avoided and this problem can also be transmitted to other economic sectors.This article follows Feder's(1982) growth model and uses Johansen's (1988) cointegration system approach to analyze the effects of export earnings instability.Results show that export earnings instability does not affect the gross domestic product(GDP) in the long run, but it does effect it in the short run.