We comprehend things in the comprehensive kinds and we use universals in our language. However, the manner of their existence is unrevealed. Realism believes that they are objective; conceptualism counts them subjective and nominalism reduces universals to mere common words. Hegel's theory of universals is novel. He offers a new definition to universal and calls this notion «concrete universal». In his view it is a mistake to imagine that the objects which form the content of our mental ideas come first and that our subjective agency then by the operation of abstraction supervenes. Rather, the notion is the genuine first; and things are what they are through the action of the action, immanent in them and revealing itself in them. This article discusses about Hegel's definition of universals, his process of approach to universal, the relation between universal and its individuals and existence of universal in Hegel's view.

This article considers and reviews those verses that the Shia traditional texts attributes them to Imam Mahdi (A. T. F. SH) In the article 54 verses of Quran, and 56 Traditions from the infallible Imams have been classified by the author in 4 categories of commentary of the words of the verses, i.e. paraphraze of the interior of verses, nominating of evidence, citing a proverb, and testimonials. Enclosed is an statistical index which includes the information of this article and the two last articles published in the 10th and 11th vols of Safineh.

The respected writer, in this essay, tries to show the firm and Qur’anic stems of "Mahdism" in the holy Qur’an (some of the verses of Qur’an which are related to the subject of Mahdism, are discussed in this article). According to the writer, these verses are titled as "the secondary verses". In other words, these traditions that attribute the verses to the subject of Mahdism in the shia collections, are narrated from the Sunni refernces (Part I). And other verses that their corresponding traditions to Mahdism subject in the Sunni collections, are narrated from the Shia sources (Part II). the latter part, part II, has found subdivision: A. Interpretation of the words of the verse(s);B. Interpretation of the implication of the verse (s);C. To choose the applicable verses;D. parables and testimonial cases and verses;In this article 36 Quranic verses, and 74 traditions are brought. The standard and reasons of selection has been explained in the similar article, in our previous issue (No. 10)

Voyeurism is a mystical term. Its literal meaning is very much different from its mystical one. For ordinary people, it signifies gazing at women which is a negative sensual behavior. Sufis have borrowed this term and given it new figurative meaning. The most common figurative meaning associated with this term in Sufism, which is also related to its literal meaning is seeing God through his creatures and signs specially handsome youth. The other meaning is that the Soofi through a mystical experience sees God or angels in the face of beautiful people in his imagination. The present paper elaborates on five mystical meaning of the term and how it transformed from an immoral and negative sense (concept) to a mystical and positive one.

Divine messengers have enjoyed different statues and accordingly different degrees and orders of revelation. The great Prophet of Islam, having all types and degrees of revelation, has been focused on by commentators, theologians and philosophers. The reason why is that they believe that all Islamic teachings have been revealed to him. He has enjoyed the highest and most spiritual degree of revelation without any intermediary. It is the basis of his being infallible in receiving Divine revelation. In this paper, different types and degrees of Divine revelation have been clarified and the philosophical view in the field criticized and taken a complete form.

The purpose of this paper is to explain typology and the process of designing and conducting mixed-methods research. Although, this paper does not consider theoretical foundations of mixed-methods research, it briefly introduces the mixed methods research concept. Then, the necessity of typology of mixed-methods research and its criteria are introduced in different typologies. Although different typologies have been proposed about mixed-methods research, the two most famous types of typology are presented here. The first type includes triangulation, embedded, explanatory and exploratory designs. The second type is divided into mixed-model research and mixed-method research. Different research designs in different typologies are explained in detail. Next, the synergistic approach, which has recently been offered beside other typologies is considered. Finally, the process of designing and conducting mixed-methods research are discussed.