Introduction: Brain stroke is the most common neurologic disorder and also the most common cause of mortality and morbidity in neurtologic patients. Thanks to new methods of radiography such as MRI, brain vascular lesions including silent stroke are demonstrated more carefully. This study considers the frequency of silent stroke in patients with acute thrombotic stroke in Rafsanjan by using MRI.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with convenience sampling on 106 patients with acute thrombotic stroke. For all patients (without history of stroke) MRI was done and suspicious cases of hemorrhage were eliminated. For the remainder EKG, echocardiography, EKG-Monitoring and cardiovascular consultation was performed and cases with emboli and previous stroke were eliminated too. Then a questionnaire consisting of demographic data and risk factors was accomplished and statistically analysed with SPSS 11.5 software. Results: 65.1% of patients with acute thrombotic stroke were female and 34.9% of them were male. The following data were obtained: 31 patients (29.2%) with silent stroke, 55.7% with history of hypertension, 35.8% with diabetes, 17% with history of hyperlipidemia, 12.3% with history of cigarette smoking, 4.7% with history of using OCP, 19.8% with history of addiction and 31.1% with history of heart disease. The most common area of acute thrombotic stroke was parietal lobe with the frequency of 27.4%. The most common area of silent stroke were parietal lobe and cerebellum, both of them with the frequency of 22.6%.Conclusion: High frequency of acute thrombotic stroke and silent stroke shows that silent stroke can be a risk factor for acute thrombotic stroke.

Background and Objective: The silent brain infarctions are common in first-ever stroke. Some recent studies show the possible role of silent brain infarction in ischemic stroke. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of silent brain infarction in acute first-ever ischemic stroke and its association with stroke risk factors.Materials and Methods: This descriptive - analytical study was carried out on 203 (94 males, 109 females) patients with acute first-ever ischemic stroke in Shafa hospital in Kerman, Iran during 2010. The diagnosis of ischemic stroke was made by physical examination and was confirmed by MRI and CT Scan. A questionnaire containing demographic information and risk factors including hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cigarette smoking, ischemic and non-ischemic heart disease for stroke as well as presence of silent stroke was completed for each patient. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16 and logistic regression test.Results: The mean age of patients was 62.56 ±17.35 years. Among our patients history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cigarette smoking, diabetes, history of ischemic heart disease, history of other cardiac disease and silent stroke were observed in 66(32.5%), 26(12.8%), 16(7.9%), 40(19.7%), 27(13.3%), 16(7.9%) and 31(15.3%), respectively. The probability of silent stroke among patient with hyperlipidemia, was 3.7 times more than those without hyperlipidemia (95%CI: 1.556-12.780, P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between silent stroke and the above risk factors.Conclusion: Silent stroke was found in 15% of patients with ischemic stroke. Control of hyperlipidemia can have a vital role in the prevention of silent stroke.

Background: Depressive symptoms are common among post myocardial infarction (MI) patients and may cause negative impacts on cardiac prognosis.35 to 45% of MI patients report depression. While depression is as an independent risk factor for MI, post MI depression has been shown to be as a risk factor for mortality, morbidity and decreased quality of life in post MI patients.The link between depression and MI is bidirectional. Behavioral and biological mechanisms were proposed as the plausible mechanisms involved in this link. The combination of these mechanisms are likely to involve in increasing the risk of mortality.Epidemiological studies have shown the link between depression and increased risk for development of cardiovascular disease, MI and cardiac mortality. The adverse impact of depression on prognosis of heart disease is preventable with the right treatment. A number of therapeutic approaches have been advocated for post-MI depression, including cardiac rehabilitation, social support, cognitive behavior therapy, and antidepressants. Because of adverse effects, it is recommended to avoid prescription of tricyclics for treating post MI depression. If SSRIs are prescribed shortly after MI the important side effects caused by them will be low.

Depression after myocardial infarction (MI) is a common and debilitating condition that could increase mortality and morbidity in these patients. Depression in MI patients is three times more prevalent than general population and women are more susceptible to this event. Psychosomatic condition of MI patients could worsen with co morbidity of depression and therefore poor quality of life, inappropriate self-care behaviors and increased risk of recurrence and poor outcome. In addition lack of social support could expose them to more severe disease. Diagnosis of depression in MI patients is difficult because there are many overlap in symptoms of depression and cardiovascular disease. Therefore routine depression screening and management in MI patients should become one of the mainstays of their care.Medical and non medical management of depression in MI patients may improve their outcome, although it seems that combination therapy is associated with better response.

Introduction: The silent brain lesions detected by MRI were fairly common not only in first-ever stroke but also in normal elderly subjects. Some recent studies show the possible role of silent sub-cortical brain infarction in ischemic stroke. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of silent sub-cortical brain infarction in acute first-ever ischemic stroke.Methods: In this descriptive study, frequency of silent sub-cortical brain infarction was determined with brain MRI in 200 patients with acute first-ever ischemic stroke. Furthermore, demographic features and frequency of risk factors of ischemic stroke were evaluated. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16, using of t-test and Fisher Exact test.Results: In this study, 43% of our participants were men and the rest were women. The mean age of men was 68.75±8.53 and the mean age of women was 66.15±12.45.38.5% of patients with acute ischemic stroke had silent sub-cortical brain infarction. There was no significant relationship between silent sub-cortical brain infarction and risk factors of ischemic stroke.Conclusion: The frequency of silent sub-cortical ischemic brain lesions was high in ischemic stroke. Silent sub-cortical ischemic brain lesion may be a risk factor for ischemic stroke.

Introduction: The aims of this study were to develop a culturally-adapted Farsi version of the SIS (SIS-P) and to evaluate the reliability of the SIS-P in a sample of Iranian patients with Stroke. Materials and Methods: SIS–P was developed following a forward–backward translation procedure and cultural adaptation based on IQOLA guidelines. A sample of 70 people with Stroke participated in this study. Participants were recruited from outpatient rehabilitation clinics of Kashani and Alzahra Haspitals (Isfahan-Iran) between 2006 and 2008. The Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) consists of 64 items and 8 domains which have been developed to measure and assess strength, hand function, ADL/IADL, mobility, communication, emotion, memory and thinking, and life participation. The participants were asked to answer SIS items. The SIS was re-administered 3 weeks after the initial assessment. Test-retest reliability and internal consistency were assessed via Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach a respectively. Results: All the participants found the SIS-P items to be clear and unambiguous in this pilot study. The ICC and the Cronbach a were respectively above 0.78 and above 0.69 for each domain. Conclusion: The Farsi version of the SIS is a culturally adapted and reliable instrument to assess disability in Iranian patients with CVA (Cerebral vascular accident).

Despite the relatively large stroke of prosodic features Khorasani style of poetry. The question is, what is the reason for the emergence of a stroke? The answer to this question can be raised three possibilities: 1-at that time there were rules that apply to the reader does not feel the stroke and the stroke is the result of a sense of poetry readers today.2-strokes are the result of his efforts for the inclusion of easier words and meaning within the weight limit.3-for the removal of restrictions on musical rhythms, while the feeling and emotion in a poem, the poet has used the help of prosodic infarction.In this study, we exclude the first possibility, the court reviewed Nasir has shown that many of his odes stroke is the third kind. Prosodic infraction also can be used as a factor to attract the attention of the reader does not learn.

Introduction: stroke is the most important brain disease. Stroke leads to a reduction in bone density, altered calcium homeostasis, and an increase in hip fractures. Some recent studies show effects of vitamin D on stroke and vice versa. The purpose of this study was to determine of serum vitamin D levels in patients with acute stroke.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we compared the serum 25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels of 44 patients with first-ever ischemic stroke with results obtained by measuring 44 healthy ambulant elderly subjects. Data were analyzed using T-test and ANOVA.Results: patients in two groups were male and the rest were female. The average age of all patients in both groups were 66.65±13.4. The mean of serum vitamin D in acute stroke was.18.1±6.33 and in control group was 19.54±5.28. There was no significant difference between the two groups on serum level of vitamin D. There was no significant difference between serum vitamin D with age and sex.Conclusion: There was no difference in serum vitamin D in patients with acute stroke and controls.