Objectives: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive, predominant and ongoing worry and tension. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between anxious thoughts and met cognitive beliefs among patients with GAD. Method: For this study, 60 high school students (30 males and 30 females) were selected using cluster-random sampling. All of the subjects had generalized anxiety disorder according to DSM-IV criteria. Subjects participated in the study by answering the Anxious Thought Inventory (ANTI) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistic methods and analysis of variance.Results: The study showed that there are significant relationships between anxious thoughts (health, social, and meta worries) in girls and boys, and metacognitive beliefs about worry uncontrollability (p<0.05). The girls have considerably more positive metacognitive beliefs about worry compared to boys (p<0.001). The same is true in case of negative metacognitive beliefs (p<0.01).There are significant correlations between meta-worry and metacognitive beliefs about worry uncontrollability in girls and boys (p<0.05). Similar correlation, exists between meta-worry and metacognitive beliefs about worry avoidance in both groups (p<0.05).Conclusion: Positive and negative metacognitive beliefs can cause worry continuation. Gender differences in frequency of the metacognitive beliefs about worry are an explanation for higher rate of GAD among girls.

The research purpose was to study the relation between meta worry and meta cognition with phobia. Consequently, 270 students (165 females 105 males) were chosen through accessibility mode from Roudehen Azad University and were tested by Negative Meta Cognition Beliefs Subscale (related to meta cognitions inventory) and SCL-90-R scale. The results indicated that negative meta cognition and meta worry are significantly positively correlated with social phobia in students. The results also indicated that there's significant positive relationship between the level of meta worry and negative meta cognition beliefs.

Aim: Factor structure, Concurrent validity and reliability of Thought control Questionnaire (TCQ) and Anxious Thought Inventory (An TI) were examined in this study.Method: After translation and back translation of TCQ and An TI, 767 students completed Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and TCQ and An TI; 528 of them completed TCQ and An TI again 14 days later.Results: Principal components factor analysis of TCQ revealed five factors named "Distraction", "Worry", "Social control", "Punishment" and "reappraisal". Distraction was negatively associated with Depression, anxiety, physical symptoms and problems in interpersonal relationships. Punishment and worry subscales related positively with BDI-II, BAI and all scales of GHQ. Factor analysis of An TI showed three factor solution named "meta-worry", "health worry" and "social worry". All of subscale of An TI are positively and significantly associated with Depression, Anxiety, physical symptoms and problems in interpersonal relationships. The Factor solution was almost identical with original scale. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability of both of TCQ and AnTI was satisfactory and sufficient.Conclusion: These results provide promising evidences about utility of Persian version of TCQ and An TI in Iranian population. However, further research is required to assess psychometric properties of TCQ and An TI among Iranian patients with Depression and Anxiety disorders.

Introduction: The Metacognitive model of generalized anxiety disorder was developed to explain cognitive processes associated with pathological worry, particularly the role of positive and negative beliefs about worry. In this study exploring the efficacy of Metacognitive therapy on generalized anxiety disorder were proceeded.Method: This semi-experimental study was conducted using pre-test and post-test with control group. From all generalized anxiety disorder patients visited in Mashhad psychological clinic, 20 patients were selected through the availability sampling method and randomly were placed into two equal experimental and control groups. Participants were selected using structured clinical interview for DSM-IV based on disorders axis I. Experimental group experienced 9 weeks of Wells’ Metacognitive therapy, while control group were just followed. Beck anxiety inventory, Metacognitions questionnaire and Metaworry questionnaire were used in pre-test, post-test and follow up as the study instrument. Data were analyzed by descriptive indices and multivariate analysis of covariance.Results: The results of this research showed that the means of anxiety, Metaworry and subscales of Metacognitive beliefs in Metacognitive therapy were reduced significantly in comparison with control group.Conclusion: The results of this study are congruent with other researches in this domain and were indicative of efficacy of Metacognitive therapy on generalized anxiety disorder.

Background: The purpose of this study was the investigation of correlation met cognitive sub-scales, meta worry and thoughts–fusion with body dysmorphic disorder.Methods: Design of this study was method of the correlation. Sample of this study included 155 high school students of Isfahan. The subjects selected basis of malt- stage cluster sampling. The tools that used in this study including: Yale- Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale Modified for BDD (YBOCS-BDD), Meta Cognitive Questionnaire (MCQ), Meta Worry Questionnaire (MWQ) and Thoughts Fusion Inventory (TFI).Results: Result indicated that body dysmorphic disorder have a significant correlation with metacognitive subscales, meta worry and thoughts–fusion. Also, the results of analysis regression showed that metacognitive total score, meta worry and thoughts–fusion explained 24 percent variances of body dysmorphic disorder.Conclusion: Results indicated that body dysmorphic disorder have a significant correlation with metacognitive subscales, meta worry and thoughts–fusion in high school students of Isfahan.

Introduction: This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of LEARN multifaceted intervention in modifying meta-cognition and the meta-worry beliefs among female students of Payam-e-Noor university in Tehran.Method: Based on the convenient sampling method and defined inclusion-exclusion criteria, 26 participants with high levels of stress (Perceived Stress Scale Score>35.58) were enrolled and randomly assigned into two experimental and control arms. All participants filled out the meta-cognition and meta-worry questionnaires prior to and after LEARN multifaceted intervention (administered to the experimental group).Results: Data analysis by variance analysis test revealed a significant difference between the two groups with regard to meta-cognition and meta-worry scores (p<0.05).Conclusion: The LEARN multifaceted intervention which affects the cognitive, behavioral and emotional aspects of the stress cycle, appeared to modify feeding strategies of meta-cognitive beliefs thus improved metacognition and the meta-worry beliefs in students with high levels of stress.

Introduction: The aim of this article is review and analysis of the Meta cognitive therapy (MCT) as an effective intervention in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the past two decades.Materials and Methods: This study by using systematic review of studies to explore the underlying assumptions and interventions of the Meta cognitive therapy of post traumatic stress disorder and studies on the effectiveness of this approach are explored.Result: In MCT, negative Meta cognition beliefs, dysfunctional attention and cognitive processes (rumination, Meta worry, avoidance, thought suppression, continuous monitoring of threats) are considered as the main cause of PTSD. Unlike the cognitive behavioral therapy, treatment in MCT is not involved exposure and discusses the cognitive content, Instead, treatment and education focusing on the type of the thinking process.Conclusion: Meta cognitive therapy is an emerging approach that the result of systematic modeling and has led to various techniques that have been shown effective in scientific studies. This approach to the understanding and treatment of mental disorders, particularly PTSD has been very effective.

This study surveys the efficacy of Metacognitive Therapy (MCT) on anxiety symptoms and it’s Impact on worry and quality of life of persons with generalized anxiety disorder. To do so, 11 participants were randomly assigned to two groups: 6 participants in experimental group (receiving treatment) and 5 participants in control group (waiting list). Participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory, Wells Meta-Worry Questionnaire and Quality of Life Inventory. The results were analyzed by ANCOVA in SPSS 16. The results indicated that Meta- Cognitive therapy decreases anxiety and worry symptoms, and increases the quality of life of persons with generalized anxiety disorder.