In the past, the core of the islamic education was in the mosques; because the first places which were used in the early islamic centuries for education were the mosques. Accordingly the mosque have historically functioned as places of muslims gatherings and acquiring knowledge. The present study investigates development of the religions-educational centers, i. e. the school-mosques; and since majority of these centers were built in Qajars Era, the statistical population of the study consists of the school-mosques built in this period. The verify used in this research is historical commentary and the analysis of the buildings is done with the logical reasoning method. Historical documents and literature library resources have been used to collect information. In this paper three of the schools-mosque of Qajar dynasty have been selected through purposeful samplivg in order to study the concept of education. The concept of education and educational methods have changed during Qajars Era; and these changes in the concept of education have led to diversity of forms and changes in architecture of the schools. These changes are evident in plan, internal functions of the building, including changes made to the entrance system, courtyard, and number and quality of the dorms.

The movement of Sheikh Obaidullah Nahri (Shamzini) took place in 1297 AH (1880 AD) during the reign of Nasser al-Din Shah Qajar. To understand the aspects of the movement and the context in which it was formed, the political situation in the Kurdish regions of Iran and the Ottoman Empire must be carefully examined. This research has used the descriptive-explanatory method to analyze data and information collected in the form of libraries and documents. This study seeks to answer the question of the effect of the political situation in the Kurdish regions of Iran and the Ottoman Empire on the formation of the Sheikh Obaidullah Nahri movement. The results show that the geographical location of the Kurdish regions, the unstable situation of Iranian and Ottoman Kurdistan due to the inefficient policy and inability of the central government to maintain order and security in these areas, as well as the tyrannical and marauding behavior of local rulers, unplanned taxation and so forth, forced the people of these areas to revolt to get rid of the current situation. Meanwhile, Sheikh Obaidullah Nahri as the religious leader of the Kurds reacted to the social and economic situation of Kurdistan with a considerate political move.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the United States of America had the most advanced economy in the world. This issue did not escape the sharp eyes of the Iranian intellectuals and modernists of the Qajar period, and they followed with exemplary obsession how the economy of this new country flourished. The current research tries to answer these questions by using unpublished archival documents in Iran: How did the intellectuals and progressives introduce the economy and finance of America? What results did these findings have for Iran? And to what extent did the First World War play a role in increasing or decreasing commercial and financial exchanges between Iran and the United States? The findings of this study, which is based on the analytical descriptive method, show that the intellectuals, in order to show the importance of American trade, in the first step compared the exploitation of underground resources in America and Iran with a critical view, and in this way, the importance and necessity of expanding trade relations with this country. warned the officials of the Iranian government. Further, in their reports, they showed the desirable state of American trade during the First World War and the years after the war compared to other countries in the world.

Reflecting on the concept of fashion design shows its close connection with fashion and the distinction of this profession from tailoring. Although there are extensive and reliable documents about the history of clothing in Iran, there is no detailed research about the position of the clothing design profession and its formation in the social history of Iran. Based on a descriptive-analytical approach and using historical sources and archaeological evidence, this article seeks to clarify the ambiguous situation of the background of the fashion design profession in Iran. According to the findings, there are no serious signs of the existence of the fashion design profession before contact with the West among the activities of Iranian tailors and other related people and jobs such as their guild supervisors, painters, and courtiers. By studying historical documents, the connection with the West during the second Qajar period, the presence of European tailors, and the establishment of Western schools seem to have been effective in the formation and promotion of this skill as a new profession in Iran. However, the findings show that this issue was not related to the lack of familiarity of Iranians with tailoring skills, but due to their disregard for fashion and frequent changes in clothing.