Anise (pimpinella anisum L.) is an important annual herbaceous plant of umbelliferous family and its active substance is widely used in pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic and hygiene industries.To study the effect of sowing datas and N-fertilizer on the growth, development, seed yield and essential oil of, anise, experiments were carried in a randomized split plot in four replications in khoramabad, Iran in 1998. Sowing datas of March 6, April 4 and May 5 were used as the main plots and nitrogen fertilizers of 0, 100 and 200 Kg/Hectare were used as the subplots.Only plots sawn in March 6 were used for the measurements and the data were statistically analyzed and Dunken tests showed that by increase of N-fertilized the seed and essential oil yield were increased. Nitrogen fertilized of 0, 100 and 200 Kg/Hectare increased the seed yield by 546, 794 and 897 Kg/Hectare and essential oil by 13.46, 21.16 and 24.88 Lit/Hectare respectively. The hest time of sowing seed was noted to bee March 6 and the hest rate of nitrogen fertilizer was 100 Kg/Hectare.

Trachyspermum copticum (L.) Link. is known as a medicinal plant especially in the province of Fars. The fruit (seed) of this plant is cailed Zenian but is often mistaken with the fruits of Ammi majus L. and Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam. In this research, the fruits of the three above species were studied and compared both morphologically and anatomically. We also compared the antimicrobial activity of the metabolic extracts of the fruits against nine bacterial isolats (4 ATCC laboratory standards and, 5 clinical isolatests). The results showed morphological and anatomical differences in size, mericarp shape and internal structures. All three fruit extracts showed antimicrobial activity when tested against the bacterial isolates. Howerer, the antimicrobial activity of T. copticum was stronger compared with Ammi majus and Ammi visnaga showing its high medicinal value.

The essential oils, water-steam distilled, from Foeniculum vulgare Mill., harvested at 3 ontogenic stages (inflorescence at flowering stage, unripe seed and ripe seed), were evaluated for their chemical composition by GC and GC-MS. Twenty-two compounds were identified and the main constituents were (E)- anethole, limonene, fenchone and methyl chavicol. Higher oil yields were found at the unripe seed stage (5% w/w), but higher (E)- anethole percentage was found in the oil of ripe seed and chemical composition was influenced by the harvesting time.

Diplotaenia damavandica is an endemic plant and it is considered as an important pasture’s plant. The volatile Constituents of aerial parts of Diplotaenia damavandica (umbelliferae) Collected from Iran (Lavasanat-Tehran), was investigated by GC/MS. Nineteen Components identified in this oil. The main Components were aphellandrene (24.0%), Cis-b-Ocimene (23.1%) terpinolene (19.6%) and b -phellandrene (11.3%) amounted to 78% of the, total oil.

Ozone layer depletion has increased ultraviolet-B radiation influence. As this radiation has harmful effects on plants, this research studies the essential oils quality and quantity changes of Fennel all affected by high ultraviolet radiation emanated form a 40-watt lamp in the field conditions in three phases: before flowering, flowering and after the formation of seed.Fennel is one of the precious medicinal plants widely used in pharmacy, purfurm, cometic and hygienic industries as well as food industries. The seeds or fruits of this plant have so much essential oils that medicinal properties of the plant are attributed tothis essential oils.The water and steam distilled (Long & Kaiser) essential oils of seeds, flowers, leaves and stems of Fennel in different vegetative phases were analyzed by GC and GC/MS.The amount of essential oils in leaf, stem, flower and seeds has been decreased in the most of phases and essential oils' components changed under ultraviolet radiations. The amount of Trans-anthole, which is the most important compound of this essential oil, has been decreased in the seed and flower of under treatment plants but this compound has been increased in the stem in spite of less amount of essential oils in this organg, this compound has been decreased in leaf before flowering phase but increased in flowering period. The other main compounds, Estragol, Fenchon and Limonene have been increased, in most cases. This results indicates this plants is very sensitive to ultraviolet radiations.

Utilization of medicinal plants in treatment of diseases has a long history and human know their beneficial effects for treatment. Since recognition and dissociation medicinal from unmedicinal plants is very difficult and need long time, then recognize medicinal plant and dissociate them from other plants can help interested user to utilize.In this survey according botanical resources, based upon evidences, people experiences, perfect questionnaire by grocery in different city of Khuzestan and also field investigation in the four season on fourfold regions of Khuzestan, wrote all medicinal plant and their dispersion, characteristics of specified growing region, utility and ect. From 950 species in Khuzestan about 225 species were introduced as medicinal plants in the books and grocerys.Family of Labiatae, Compositae, Papilionaceae and Umbelliferae has most medicinal plant species in Khuzestan. From this collection, the aromatic plants are worth and number of them is able to develop their industrial cultivation. Medicinal plant that needs the best method to exploitation and the species that must protect to control decay is introduced.

The pollen morphology of two species belonging to the genus Diplotaenia Boiss. have been investigated by SEM and LM. The results confirm the stenopalynous character of the family Apiaceae. The palynological observations reveal that pollen grains of the genus Diplotaenia are prolate in shape and posses tri-colporate aperture with costae. The sculpturing of both species are rugulate. Therefore D. cachrydifolia and D.damavandica are similar in palynological characters, and show the type of Cerceau-Larrival’s classification as sub-rectangular.