The place of evaporate mass in Garmsar was belonging to Tertiary period and mostly consist of Evaporate rock, Gypsum, Salt, Sediments of Clay and Marl and red down formation with considering thichness from sediments and Shallow marine fades and sediments of basins of evaporate Eocene & oligocene in all over the area and represent the relationship of Tectonic with younger formation. From the most effective orogenic in this area are late alpionorogenic Which have a strong effecting on Central Alborz and caused the folding and changed the process of old faults.Involving the plate central of Iran with Khazar and the effecting of the tension from collision the plates of Arabia with Iran caused different structural from in both curvature of central Alborz and relative turning of major plates of collision in the length of crustal faults are considered as the most significant structural changes.The evaporate mass of upper & down red formation in this area which made the gradual zone between central Iran and Alborz by having the considering thickens of Gypsum sediments and salt in effecting of strong Dynamic stimulation the central Alborz has been folded and under the effection of Diaprism and salt structural of the area expressed that the tension of diprism are more than similar basin in Central Iran and has continued yet.It is certain that, the area fold and the development of the result of faulting and continuous the curvature of central Alborz are the reason of rising of salts.

Cimmerian plate comprising of Anatolides, Taurides, Alborz, Central Iran, East Iran Belt (EIB), Central Afghanistan, South Pamir, Pontides and Lesser Caucasus blocks, are tectogenetically associated with wrenching, detachment faults and Riedel shears. Among the blocks those affected by wrench tectonics, detachment faults and Riedel shears are seismically very active. In addition, the Central Iran Block and East Iran Belt are attributed to ductile shear zones those behave as counter - flow boundaries of pseudoplastic power law fluids responsible for all seismic activities. East Iran Belt played the most important role of counter-flow boundaries for pseudoplastic power law fluids during intra - plate convergence and cal alkaline granitoid plutonic phases in the Central Afghanistan back arc basin block. Two major detachment fault zones viz., Makran Detachment Fault Zone (MDFZ) and South Iran Detachment Fault Zone (SIDFZ) have been inferred. MDFZ seems to be less active while SIDFZ is more active. The on-going activity of SIDFZ is envisaged by the deformation of Neogene sediments and by the occurrence of extensive salt beds those act as the lubricating agent for decollement. The detachment fault activities all along the intra-arc basin, arc proper and fore-arc basin zones of Zagros Orogen are also responsible for wrenching and Riedel shears (conjugate fracture). The northeast - southwest trending shears are inferred to be seismic prone. The wrenching is dominantly right-lateral strike slip with thrust.

The Mouteh area is located 270-km southwest of Tehran. It is a part of Sanandaj-sirjan Zone and contains metamorphosed igneous-sedimentary complex (predominantly composed of mica-schist, mylonitic felsic met igneous rocks), granitoids and sedimentary assemblage. A progressive deformation affected on these lithologic assemblage. This process contains three deformation stages including: D1, D2 and D3. Result of the first deformation stage (D1) is production of a compositional layering in different parts of this area containing alteration of layers rich in felsic (quartz and feldpar) and mafic (biotite and amphibol) minerals. Structural event that produced this compositional layering (s1) has been overprinted by following stages. The second stage of deformation that is the most important event of deformation in the Mouteh and adjacent areas developed a penetrative mylonitic foliation (S2 =Sm) and stretching/ mineral lineation (Lm). Folds that are related to this stage, have high amplitude and low wavelegth and their inter-limb angle is less than 30 (tight to isoclinal).Many of these folds of this stage (fold axes and stretching lineation) have shallowly plunging in different parts of the area. Trend of deformation produced open folds that has changed position of the second structural elements development of dextral en-echelon fault system with sinistral-revers sense of movement is the main character of this stage. Several joint systems are related to this event. The most activity of magmatism occurred during this stage. The mouteh granitoid appears to intruded after DJ & D2 deformations along "transtension shear zones". This deformation was accompanied by remobilization of quartz pyrite and chalcopyrite(hosting gold)from granitoid intrusion.

A part of Alburz Mountains which is located between Damghan plain (in the south) and Gorgan plain (in the north) structurally is a S-SE vergence thin-skinned fold-thrust belt. Sequential thrusting and related folding during Cimmerian and Alpine orogeny have been the most deformation style since late Triassic. Tectonostratigraphy of Alburz Based on foreland stratigraphical evolution models reveals that structural evolution of Alburz had taken place at three stages: 1) Late Triassic - Early Jurassic duo to Cimmerides; 2) Late Cretaceous - Early Paleocene duo to middle Alpine compress ional movements; 3) Neogene duo to Late Alpine compress ional movements. South - ward migration of Alburz in each stage accompanied by generation of new thrust faults, uplift and unroofing in fold- thrust belt and caused southward marine transgression and synorogenic classic sedimentation in Foreland basin. Each stage of structural evolution followed by a relaxation period that is characterized by isostatic rebound, reducing of erosion and shallow marine sedimentation in foreland basin duo to north ward marine regression.

The northern flank of East - Central Alborz located between 52°- 54° E is characterized by an abrupt change of trends.The study area covers the eastern and western part of the mentioned change of trends. In this article and attempt has been made to determine the geometry and mechanism of the North Alborz Fault Zone, in eastern and central part of the study area.In order to achieve this purpose, statistical analysis of the prevailing fault mechanisms has been made and stress direction arc determined.According to statistical investigations, it is possible to distinguish four fault trends similar to the fault patterns of the other parts of Iran. The main trends are as follows: "NW-SE, NE-SW, N-S, E-W". These trends of faults appear in well defined zones. The presence of the high angle reverse fault dipping to the south indicates a compressive tectonic regime.In general, two different fault trends can be separated among the four mentioned trends according to the compressional regime affecting the North Alborz Fault zone. The deviation of two trends of faults are located between 52°, 50´ to 53° E.Although, the main sense of motion on these two trends is reverse, they differ by opposite horizontal components of small magnitude.The stress analysis based on inversion of fault -slip data has been carried out in North Alborz Fault Zone in order to characterize the direction of contemporary stress. Two different directions of compression have been recognized.Both the. geological and geomorphological evidences confirm recent activity which are in good agreement with seismic data. However, the few available focal mechanisms in this area accord with geological data.

The Zonuz irregular lens shaped kaolin deposit located in Marand, Azarbaygan, is exploited as an open pit. Andesite, Trachyandesite and dacite igneous rocks are located in south, west and east parts of the deposit, respectively. The Ore was analysed by XRD, SEM and NAA. Assemblage of major minerals including Quartz, Kaolinite, Illite and Calcite, and minor minerals of Dolomite, Montmorillonite and Limonite are detected. Geochemical analysis show that La, Ce, Nd are present in minor amounts, and the high ratio of LREE/HREE indicates the enrichment of LREE which is probably the result of surface tension of these elements on clay particles. Geological and Geochemical evidence indicate tha~ hydrothermal fluids played a major role in the formation of the Ore body, particulary along fault zones. A comparison is also made between autogentic Zonuz deposit with allogentic Esteghlal deposit.

In this paper seismotectonic characteristics (earthquake- fault hazard) of the Mashhad- Neyshabur region are studied. The Presence of Kashafrud and Shandiz faults arround Mashhad and Neyshabur fault near Neyshabur and absence of large earthquakes in 20th century in this region is a major problem. Seisrisk II computer program used for seismic hazard estimation, and results are given in acceleration contours "g" with different probabilities and mean periods.