The sea cucumbers of the genus Holothuria are important species in Asia. In present study in the Persian Gulf aimed to identify Holothuria species and investigate their relationships based on morphological and 16S rRNA molecular data. 30 specimens were collected from northern Persian Gulf coasts of Dayer (Bushehr Province) and Lengeh (Hormozgan Province). Based on ossicles morphology, three species were identified. DNA was isolated using CTAB method. Thereafter, 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplification was performed using universal primer and consequently PCR product was sequenced. Sequencing result was analyzed and identified in NCBI database using BLAST. 17 sequences of mitochondrial DNA of 16S rRNA gene (393bp length) were obtained after modification and alignment. The phylogenic tree of mentioned species showed a monophyletic group. The three identified species include Holothuria (Thymiosycia) arenicola, Holothuria leucospilota and Holothuria parva. Holothuria arenicola was found in high support in the sister clade of H. arenicola from China. Despite 7% genetic distance, no morphological differences were observed between H. arenicola with similar species.

The textbook analysis is a vigorous research approach for evaluating the conformity between the content and the purpose of education. Accordingly, the relatively newly-published Iranian ELT textbooks for senior high school, known as the “Vision series” were analyzed for their prominent levels of learning objectives according to Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy. Activity sections of textbooks were codified according to the Taxonomy’s coding scheme, and the inter/intra-rater reliability which were measured and approved. Results revealed that the lower-order categories of cognitive domain are more frequently represented in Vision series of 1 and 2, and chi-square statistics indicate that Vision 3 is significantly different from the other two. The inclusion of higher-order categories in Vision 3 creates hope for increasing students’ proficiency and activating students’ need to develop higher-order thinking skills which are prerequisites to critical thinking and autonomous learning. Findings also maintain that the cognitive domain and metacognitive knowledge domain were the least perceived in the three textbooks which call for inclusion of more reflective activities and supplementing higher-order cognitive activities or complementary tasks in Visions 1 and 2.

This paper surveys recent publications on maritime logistics with a focus on blockchain capabilities. Maritime logistics plays an important role in global trade and an important part of the global economy depends on it. The growth of world trade has led to the creation of various systems that are prone to error and fraud, the current supply chain needs to connect and trust many intermediaries which not only increase abuse and errors but also it will increase cost and time in the chain. Hence, transparency and stability are highly demanded. On the other hand, with the onset of the fourth industrial revolution, a new approach called “blockchain” was introduced which can have very important applications in maritime logistics. As this novel technology is in its early stages of development, its applications in maritime logistics have not been specifically investigated. So, this paper takes a deep dive into blockchain technology capabilities for maritime logistics by reviewing relevant scientific journal papers since 2014. The paper also discusses and challenges the current operational paradigms and by categorizing efforts, provides a Taxonomy of research topics in maritime logistics. Finally, the paper in addition to presenting challenges, identifies new avenues for academic research based on current trends and development.

A new subterranean amphipod (N. hegmatanensis sp. nov. ) belonging to the genus Niphargus Schiödte, 1849 is described and illustrated. It was collected from Boghati spring in Hamedan Province, Iran. Materials are examined based on the morphological and molecular analyses. Molecular data derived from the nuclear gene 28S rDNA recovered relationships new species. N. hegmatanensis sp. nov. is placed within Iranian clade and phylogenetically has most similarity to N. alisadri. A relatively equal length of distal to proximal article in uropod III, equal size of rami in uropod I, trapezoid shape of propodi in both gnathopods and the short palpus that does not reach the tip of the outer lobe in maxilla I, are the major characteristics which serve to distinguish the new species from its congeners.

Dear Editor, The new coronavirus‑, 2019 (COVID‑, 19), which was named by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses as a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS‑, CoV‑, 2), has spread rapidly around the world, and on October 11, 2021, it caused more than 237, 383, 711 of confirmed cases, over 4, 842, 716 deaths,this is the largest known pandemic that the world has ever experienced. The disease is rampant around the globe, however, the number of cases and deaths in the developed regions, such as Europe and North America, is excessive, and this raises questions. . .

A decade of research into MOOCs (massive online open courses) for language learning (LMOOCs) shows that they seem to have consolidated their position as a subfield of computer-assisted language learning (CALL). Since the appearance of LMOOCs in 2013, 3 key systematic reviews have been carried out,these confirm that research into student profiles is a recurring trend, with the focus on avoiding dropout rates by creating personalized learning pathways. One of the challenges for teachers and LMOOC developers is that they are not cognizant of their students or their study habits. If we could learn how students organize their study in LMOOCs, a Taxonomy could be established according to their profiles. This would enable teachers and LMOOC developers to improve their course design and so create personalized learning pathways, making the courses better suited to students’ specific learning preferences. In this study, we use techniques of learning analytics (LA) to explore the temporal patterns of LMOOC participants in order to understand the way they manage and invest their time during their online courses. As a result of this study, we propose a new Taxonomy of LMOOC participant profiles based on temporal patterns—one which would provide teachers with a tool to support them when personalizing the design and development of LMOOCs and which would, therefore, help them adapt their courses to the specific learning preferences of each profile.

Given the changing conditions of today and the reliance of the educational system on textbooks, examining the content, structure and issues raised in them is doubly important. Due to the fact that in Iran, most educational activities are done around textbooks, it is necessary to pay attention to them and harmonize them with the intellectual ability of students. The present study was conducted by content analysis method with the aim of examining the content of the sixth grade math textbook based on solo theory. The statistical population of the sixth grade math book published in 1399 and the sample is equal to the population. The research instrument is content analysis forms whose face and content validity has been approved by experienced mathematics teachers and instructors. Data analysis method was performed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that about 25% of the book problems are dedicated to the unistructural level, about 41% to the multistructural level, about 28% to the relational level and about 0/28% to the extended abstract level. According to the results, the fifth chapter has the most problems at the relational and extended abstract level, and the fourth chapter has the most problems at the unistructural level. The results showed that the problems were not evenly distributed at different levels of solo Taxonomy in the book chapters, especially the fourth and fifth chapters. Given the direct impact of the math textbooks approach on students' math performance, reviewing the content of the textbooks can be effective in measuring the performance of educational programs. Also, the results of this research can help educational policy makers and textbook authors and planners to improve the textbook based on creating a fit between students' cognitive levels and book levels.

Dictyota, as a diverse genus of the family Dictyotaceae (brown algae) in warm temperate to tropical seas, is characterized by high morphological plasticity. The wide range of morphological variation in the members of this genus makes the species distinction based on morphological or anatomical features complicated. Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman as a subregion of subtropical marine environments in south of Iran has various species of Dictyotaceae. This study investigated the Taxonomy of Dictyota as one main tropical genus of the family Dictyotaceae in southern coastlines of Iran. In the current study DNA sequences of the two genes rbcL and Cox3, as well as their morphological features were analyzed to determine the species distinction of the genus in the studied areas. In rbcL phylogenetic tree, some of the sequences obtained from Iranian specimens of Dictyota formed a fully supported new clade with four sequences obtained from specimens collected from Mayotte, Bermuda, Netherland Antilles and Bahamas (Caribbean Sea). In Cox3 phylogenetic analyses, the sequences of the specimens from Iran were grouped with two sequences of Dictyota specimens collected from Egypt and Bahamas. The results showed the new clade in both rbcL and Cox3 tree represent a distinct new taxon with anastomosing points between overlaps blades which led to cushion-like (pulvinus) habit as diagnostic characteristic, so, the taxon is introduced as the new species Dictyota pulvinata sp. nov. The sequences of another species of Dictyotaceae in the current study were grouped with the sequences of Canistrocarpus cervicornis from Florida in United States of America, where the type specimen of Canistrocarpus cervicornis has already been reported.