Background & Aims: Throughout history, humans need to have sexual intercourse, at least in order to reproduce and perpetuate their offspring, so sexual activity has become an important aspect of human life(3). One of the most important philosophies in forming a married life is for a couple to come together to have tranquility and comfort. This comfort depends on some factors, one of the most obvious of which is healthy sex. Sex, a four-stage response cycle including sexual desire, arousal, orgasm, and suppression, is a significant aspect of married life. Any disorder in one of these stages may interfere with a person's sexual function and lead to sexual dysfunction (4). In general, the main feature of sexual disorders is a disorder in the processes of the normal stages of sexual intercourse or pain that occurs during sexual intercourse. For each of these disorders, which occurs in the four stages of sexual activity, there are specific diagnostic criteria: the disorder in sexual activity must cause suffering and discomfort, affect the marital relationships, and be continuous and frequent (5). In a study, Froutan et al. (6). examined the sexual dysfunction of divorced couples. The results showed that 77% of women had sexual dysfunction, therefore even people successful in sex may have some problems in their sexual activity. Dosti and Vaziri(2018) (8) reported a high prevalence of the sexual disorder in their study and showed that sexual problems are a widespread health problem in women. Researchers believe that in order to better understand sexual activity and its development in humans, it is necessary to study all aspects of human beings including physical (such as genetics, hormones), mental (such as how one feels about oneself and others), social (the relationship between self and others) and spiritual aspects (such as religion, values, and beliefs) (10). Therefore, beliefs, attitudes, and religion are among the influential factors in the sexual behavior of individuals. In general, religious attitudes can be effective in marital relationships,because religion has guidelines, a system of beliefs and values that can affect marital life (11). Husseni nasab et al. (2018) evaluated the role of religion on marital relations and sexual activity as positive (12). Kamyabi niya et al. (2015) in their study showed that there is a positive and meaningful relationship between sex and religion. In other words, people with desirable sexual activity have a higher religious health score (13). According to Allport and Ross theory, religious orientation which is based on two types,internal and external means the tendency to perform religious practices and thoughts (15). Internal religious orientation has a motivational aspect, organized, and internal principles and does not require other stimuli. External religious orientation is external and is a factor in satisfying personal needs such as status and security. External orientation is considered an immature or less mature religion (16). One of the other variables of the present research is a practical obsession. Studies have shown that obsessive disorder run in families (17). These obsessive-compulsive behaviors lead to considerable confusion and cause severe impairment in psychosocial functioning (18). Obsessive-compulsive behaviors are recurring and persistent thoughts, desires, or perceptions that are experienced as disturbing and unwanted,Practical obsessions, on the other hand, are repetitive behaviors or mental actions that a person feels compelled to perform in response to an obsession or in accordance with rules that must be strictly enforced (18). In societies with high religious beliefs, obsessive thoughts are more prevalent. This indicates the role and relationship of religion with obsessive behaviors confirmed by various studies. Many studies have shown that external religious orientation is both directly and indirectly (through feelings of extreme responsibility and guilt) associated with signs of practical obsessive disorder (21). According to different research, one of the variables related to religious orientation is a practical obsession,therefore, in this study, we will consider the relationship between sexual dysfunction, obsessive behaviors, and religious orientation. A positive point of the present study is that unlike other studies that have dealt more with the relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorder and sexual dysfunction or the relationship between religious orientation and obsessive-compulsive disorder,the present study intends to investigate the relationship among all these three variables. Based on the results of this study, many marital differences and dissatisfaction can be reduced and family stability and continuity can be provided. In general, considering the effective nature of sexual disorders in various aspects of life, especially the importance of this issue on marital relationships, it seems necessary to identify the factors influencing sexual activity. One of these factors is the cultural values of the society e. g. religion. Considering the religious context of Iranian society, conducting research on the role of religious orientation in sexual function and practical obsessive behavior of women is very important,therefore, the main question of the present research is whether there is a meaningful relationship between sexual dysfunction, obsessive behaviors, and religious orientation of married women? Methods: The present study is a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population of this study included all married female students of North Tehran Azad University in the academic year 2020-2021. According to the statistical sample based on Klein theory, in factor analysis, 10 or 20 samples are required for each variable, but the minimum sample size of 200 is defensible. 250 students of North Tehran Azad University were selected based on the available sampling method. The ethics code of the present study is IR. ALZAHRA. REC. 1401. 014. Research instruments include the standard female sexual dysfunction questionnaire, the Allport Veras religious orientation questionnaire, and the standard Madzli obsessive-compulsive disorder questionnaire. Results: The results show that the correlation coefficients between the dimensions of sexual dysfunction with the dimensions and the total score of obsessive behaviors are positive and significant (P≥, 0. 01). Regression coefficients show that in the best predictive model for the dimensions and total score of marital satisfaction of couples, only the psychological dimension can predict the criterion variable. There is also a significant relationship between sexual dysfunction and its subscales with religious orientation (P≥, 0. 01). Regression coefficients also show that both dimensions of religious orientation can predict sexual dysfunction (P <0. 01). Religious orientation also has a significant relationship with obsessive behaviors in married women and predicts it (P <0. 01). Conclusion: According to the results, religious orientation is able to predict sexual dysfunction and obsessive behaviors. Other results indicate significant relationships between sexual dysfunction and obsessive-compulsive behaviors and religious orientation. In other words, religion as a coping factor can be associated with many psychological and behavioral disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder and sexual dysfunction, and generally predict mental health in individuals. In other words, religion can play a positive role in reducing sexual dysfunction and obsessive behaviors, so it is necessary for psychologists to develop and implement educational programs to solve such kinds of problems, highlight the importance of religious orientation, and pay special attention to preventing and treatment programs.

Background and Aims: Velopharyngeal dysfunctions are frequently reported in patients with repaired cleft palate. For patients with small gap in velopharygeal sphincter, behavior therapy has been suggested to treat their velopharyngeal dysfunction. CPAP therapy, as a behavior therapy, can be used to increase palate muscles strength and to make VP closure complete using a continuous positive airway pressure during speech tasks. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of CPAP therapy on hypernasality and nasal turbulence in repaired cleft palate patient with small velopharyngeal gap. Materials and Method: A single-subject study was conducted with multiple baselines to study the effect of CPAP therapy on the speech of an eight-year-old boy with repaired cleft palate, small gap in velopharyngeal valve, hypernasality, and nasal turbulence. The participant received CPAP therapy for 48 sessions during two months. Perceptual assessment was done at baseline, during intervention, and in follow-up phases. Visual analysis and Improvement Rate Difference (IRD) were used to analyze data. Result: The patient showed one-point decrease in the severity of hypernasality on intervention phase and another point decrease occurred on the follow-up phase. This reduction maintained by the end of the study. Also, nasal turbulence was shown to decrease by two points during the intervention phase and therefore normal level was achieved. The achievements were remained unchanged on follow-up phase. The IRD for both parameters were found to be 0/75. Conclusion: The present study showed that CPAP therapy seems to reduce the severity of hypernasality and nasal turbulence due to strengthen palatal muscles in patients with small velopharyngeal gap.

Patient is a 24 year old male with valvular heart disease, severe mitral & aoric & tricuspid valve stenosis and regurgitation.After MVR & AVR & tricuspid surgical repair, he has undergone cardiac rehabilitaion for 8 weeks (24 sittings). After completion of a cardiac rehabilitation, review of cardiovascular tests showed obvious improvement in the functional capacity, blood pressure and heart rate. Physically and mentally patient feels very comfortable and hopeful of a good healthy life.

In order to use gated pipes efficiently, it is required to know the hydraulic properties of the gated pipe and its gates. The hydraulic properties of gated pipe's gates were studied. The manufacturing quality and the discharge similarity of gates were evaluated by computing values of indices including Cv, qvar and Range. Results indicate that the manufacturing quality of gates is acceptable and their hydraulic performance's is similar.Therefore, an equation was developed to relate gate discharge to the hydraulic head behind the gate and the gate degree of opening. The gate discharge was computed under various conditions of pressure head and degree of opening with the equation derived and compared with measured values. The computed values of gate discharge were close enough to the actual values for practical purposes. A computer program was developed to simulate gate discharges along a gated pipe. The program calculates gate discharge and pressure behind the gates along a gated pipe line based on known values of pipe slope, length of pipe, gate degree or opening, gate spacing, pipe inlet pressure or discharge of last gate on the pipe line, distance from the pipe inlet to the first open gate, and numbers of open and closed gates at the beginning of the pipe.

"Demographic window" refers to a particular period, in the demographic history of a population, in which age-dependency ratio falls to an unprecedented low level. This period is short, the beginning and end of it can be estimated, and it lasts about three to four decades.The Demographic window of Iran began at the threshold of 2006 census and is expected to end by 2046. Therefore, it is expected to last for almost 4 decades. Thereafter, the population of Iran moves towards becoming old, to an unprecedented level in its history.In the demographic history of each country, demographic window opens once, and during the time it is open, it provides an exceptional opportunity for the development of the country. However, it is not automatic. It should be activated and guided. Demographic window becomes a demographic bonus only with appropriate preparation: policy-making, planning and correct implementation of programs.Several years, apparently unnoticed, passed since Iran entered its demographic window. Time is moving fast and this short time span becomes shorter. Therefore, it seems urgent to conduct required studies for the appropriate utilization of this unrepeatable opportunity for the development of the country.

Gates are devices used to regulate flow rates or water levels. A middle-hinged gate can operate as a weir, a gate, or a combination of both by rotating around its hinge. This study analyzes the hydraulic performance of the middle-hinged gate in three modes using a laboratory model. The structure of the middle-hinged gate model is constructed from two equal parts without lateral compression, rotating around a central hinge. Experiments were conducted in a rectangular, non-sloping channel measuring 3.7 meters in length and 14 centimeters in width. The experimental results indicate that in the weir mode, when the blade rotates in the upper half, at sharp angles (30 degrees), with rotating downstream at a constant upstream water height, an average of 3.17% more discharge passes through it. As the angle increases, the direction of rotation (upstream or downstream) has little effect on flow rate changes. In the gate mode, at a constant upstream water height, after an angle of 90 degrees, both the angle and the direction of rotation do not affect the discharge. Additionally, in the weir-gate mode, at a constant water height, an increase in angle in the weir (the gate angle is 30° and the weir angle increases from 30° to 45°) has 48.6% less discharge than the same increase in the gate mode (the weir angle is 30° and the gate angle increases from 30° to 45).

Introduction: Drain valves are usually constructed to control and drain flood, regulate flow, drain tank in critical cases, discharge sediment, and transfer current. Therefore, the study of their hydraulic conditions during design and operation should be considered by researchers and designers. As the height of the dam increases, the flow velocity in the semi-open valves of the dam also increases and as a result, the local pressure decreases, which consequently causes the cavitation phenomenon. The presence of air near the rigid boundaries of the flow greatly reduces the destructive effect of cavitation and therefore the method of aeration and its effects and the percentage of air bubbles in the vicinity of these boundaries to prevent cavitation is one of the points to know the different types of aeration mechanism and bubble placement, and the type of valve according to the flow conditions. As mentioned, one of the phenomena that can endanger the safety of valves is cavitation. In these valves, the twophase flow of air is transmitted at high speed. Due to the separation of the flow lines, a sharp drop in the downstream values of the valve occurs. Methodology: Siazakh rock dam is located in a place called Siazakh and at the junction of two tributaries of Ghezelozen river named Kaqli and Sheikh Haidar, 7 km from Divandere. The level of the dam on the riverbed is 1756 meters above sea level. The purpose of constructing this dam is to supply agricultural water and control river floods. In the middle of the duct, the control system is located, consists of an emergency sliding valve and a sliding service valve. The physical model of the valve includes a repair valve, a metal cover with a rectangular cross section, a duct inlet, a valve groove, a middle duct, an emergency valve, an emergency valve chamber, its grooves, a service valve, a vent between two valves and the entire downstream duct. In order to provide the required water height and required discharge, an open metal tank has been used. This tank is in the form of a cylinder with a diameter of 5 meters and a height of 6 meters. In order to measure the pressures on the valve, 8 piezometers are installed on the valve and all these piezometers are connected to the tightly connected hoses. The experiments were performed for four different heads. Two pumps and an outlet adjustment valve were used to adjust the head, so that only one pump was switched on at the lower heads and the output valve was bypassed to adjust the head. This time was chosen according to the turbulence of the air flow and minimizing its error by trial and error. Results and discussion: After adjusting the head, the service valve was placed in the preplanned openings and the emergency valve was displaced so much that the most critical situation occurred. The criterion for detecting this critical state is the velocity of air suction from the aeration pipe between the two valves into the duct, which was measured by a hot wire. To measure the air velocity, the hot wire is placed inside the aeration tube in the center of the tube for one minute. After the desired time, the average inlet air velocity is recorded by the hot wire device. The results showed that the most critical situation occurs when the jet passing under the emergency valve hits exactly the lower edge of the service valve. In this case, a severe disturbance occurs between the empty space of the two valves, which causes severe suction of air into the aeration pipe. According to observational experience, this condition is usually achieved when the percentage of emergency valve opening is up to about 5% less than the service valve opening. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that when the emergency valve is broken in a certain opening and consequently the emergency valve enters the circuit, the most critical situation is when the amount of emergency valve opening is equal to the service valve. By measuring the amount of incoming air from the aeration tube in 24 different laboratory modes, and comparing them with different parameters, a relation was provided to determine the aeration coefficient which is a function of the landing number and includes a range between the lower and upper limits of the data. Also, by examining the amount of inlet air flow from the aeration tube for 24 different experiments, it was observed that this amount of air has a relative maximum at two points, the first maximum being related to low openings.

Problems related to sedimentation and depositions can be minimized by using a system where weirs and gate are combined in open canals while the floated materials run over and sediments run under the structure. Because of effect of overflow on underflow, the variation rate of discharge coefficient with geometric and hydraulic parameters is different with their use each other separately. It is important for cylindrical weir-gate because the flow nape will sit on the weir completely the current work describes the results of experimental investigation on effect of weir flow on gate discharge coefficient for cylindrical weir-gate. In this way the gate discharge is measured against upstream water depth in two condition of weir flow and without weir flow. The experiments are carried out in a laboratory flume 10 m length, 60 cm wide and 70 cm height. Results indicate that increasing dimensionless parameters of Hw/a and Hw/D cause decreasing the discharge coefficient for weir flow and it rises about 1-25% without weir flow. For a constant values of the Hw/a increasing the gate height, the effect of weir on gate discharge coefficient decreases for the cylindrical weir-gate.