In recent decades, Islamic finance has been faced with a considerable growth trend. One of its main characteristics is that financier cannot charge any interest and will consider a mark-up or share in the profits instead of that. Several kinds of standard products have been developed in financing areas toward trade and projects. Some of these products have been developed directly according to the Quran principles and some others are the result of financial engineering which have been created from the combination of diversified and accepted financial instruments for achieving the product which leads to the acceptable return against acceptable risk. Major part of the said growth of Islamic finance especially in 1970s was for the reason of the needs for oil export of Islamic countries. Now, although industries have been faced with several diversifications, the importance of project finance has not been decreased. At the same time, Islamic financiers have been dependent to the credit constraints of the banks. Current study will assess the project finance, will compare it with the traditional financing and finally will determine some of the techniques which is being used in Islamic countries.

Unlike the developed countries in the world, the Iranian economy is bank-oriented, and about 80% of the supply is provided by banks, and only 20% is provided by the capital market. One of the important tools in the financial market is treasury bills. Due to the ban of Riba in Islam, traditional treasury bills can not be used in the Islamic financial system. Therefore, the Islamic capital markets require low-risk short-term financial instruments that can fill the vacuum of traditional treasury bills. This instrument is Islamic treasury bills which are a new financial tool introduced by the government since 2013 to settle claims of non-government creditors. The main purpose of this tool is to finance the government deficit in the short term. Although the government applies these tools mainly to finance part of the budget deficit, settle debts to contractors and banks and achieve further financial discipline, they are also used to expand and improve the capital and money market.

Introducing Waqf as an Islamic economic institution, this paper proposes a native model for the establishment of micro finance institutes in Iran and highlights the financing sources and allocation ways for them. In addition, it examines the Fiqh economic establishment possibility of such institutions in the country. After all, the characteristics and potencies of such Islamic micro finance institutions are evaluated and some lights are shed on the probable challenges they might face and solutions are looked for these challenges. The findings of this study, which are based upon theoretical analyses, show that the institution of Waqf in Islamic economic system has the Fiqh economic potential to be used as a financial source for Islamic micro finance institutions.

Micro- finance (Microfinance) can be described as a tool to extend various financial services to lower income groups. Since this group of people has a low credit-worthiness, they are not regarded as good borrowers by banks and other conventional financial institutes. On the other, one of the main missions of Islamic banks is providing small loans for vulnerable groups in society. However, banks typically prefer to devote their resources to macro activities and avoid providing small loans and do not give importance to this section. This study tries to offer a pathological analysis of this bank behavior that, in turn, is the first step to design Islamic micro-financing system.The results which were obtained through using the Delphi method and analytical- descriptive method show that moral hazard, high cost of supervision, lack of proper mortgage, diversion of funds, strategic default, low productivity and lack of resources are the main challenges of microfinance in Iranian banks.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between stockholders' attitude and Islamic financing acceptance in Tehran's Stock Exchange. Islamic financing refers to providing capital, services and tools that are based on Islamic laws and regulations. Today, Islamic financing has emerged as a new source of economic growth, but in industries and businesses other methods are mostly used for financing. This research is of applied type as well as a correlation study. The population includes 410 shareholders of Tehran Stock Exchange which were selected though random sampling. The structural equation modeling and LISREL software have been used to test the hypothesis. The results show that the attitude of the shareholders to accept Islamic finance is positive. But their religious opinions were not significantly affecting their attitudes. Also, knowledge and awareness, cost benefits and business support affected the stakeholders' attitude to Islamic financing.

The use of new Islamic financing tools is one of the logical ways to improve the performance of banks in Islamic countries. Islamic instruments are considered as the simplest method of financing and liquidity, which, while relying on physical assets and reducing credit risks, have no legal problems and the experience of recent years indicates the high efficiency of these instruments in strengthening the performance of the country's banks. Accordingly, in the present study, the effect of Islamic financing (through rent sukuk and Murabaha bonds) on the allocation of banking resources in Iran is examined  during the period 2012: 4 to 2021: 2 (based on quarterly data) using Markov Switching econometric technique. The results show that sukuk bonds in both regimes have a positive effect on banking facilities, but nevertheless, the impact coefficients are not very significant. Therefore, we must look for ways to attract foreign and domestic investment in order to issue different types of sukuk in order to increase the resources of banks.