Street harassment, which is one of the most common current problems in society and also a banned forms of sexual discrimination against women, makes the public community insecure and undesirable environment for women social activity. This study with the help of qualitative method and grounded theory seeks to identify the reasons and bases of women's street harassment experience. The Yasouj city was considered to conduct this study, in this way, 18 girls of Yasouj university students were selected using Snowball sampling and theoretical saturation method and interviewed in a semi-structured scheme in this study. The data were analyzed using three coding schemes e. g. open axial, and selective. The validity of analysis was determined using two methods i. e. researchers and review of non-participating experts in the research. The findings indicate that the social background condition is patriarchy-dominant that one involve in. Lack of dressing regulations, cosmetic administrations and breaking taboo cause condition to Interrogate taboo-breaking women. The core category of this research is “ from traumatic experience to desensitization” . Thus, the experience of girls from street harassment can be explained on a continuum manner i. e., some of them had traumatic experience with destructive fears and for others it has been commonplace and trivial. The general conclusion is that the existence of street harassment which could be seen as a sign of gender discrimination and laws inefficiency in society, apart from having negative psychological consequences for the individual, could led to marginalize women and the reproducing of hegemonic patriarchy.

Sexual harassment as a form of harassment based on sex, which is conceptualized significant effects on victims. One of MlmvsTryn these effects create insecurity for women in business and academic environments, public places and other social-sector. Women form half the population, on a daily basis AstrsHa and problems faced due to sexual harassment dumped into the psychological and sociological lead to many complications in throughput. The present study Revolving subject, sensing components affecting the nuisance factor of the boys. The theoretical framework of this study Ahyr four-factor theory and Advnvhyv (quoted from chipboard et al., 2014) on sexual harassment is a combination of many key components from single-factor theories a priori.The study was nonexperimental descriptive was conducted with survey techniques. The population is son in 18 to 30 years of Sanandaj. Sample size selected Cochran's formula and multistage cluster sampling method is determined. The data collection tool has been integrated and standardized questionnaires that had good validity and reliability.In general, based on the descriptive results obtained from verbal sexual harassment that includes 3 types of harassment, non-verbal and physical, committed a total of 380 people, only 18 people HychGvnh trouble NshdhAnd indicating that the poor conditions and Jnsyt the sample is ZdhY. BhDst results from the multivariate analysis (logistic regression and path analysis) of parents variables showed that.

Street harassment is a form of forbidden discrimination against women which turns public places into an unsafe and undesirable environment for their social activities. Women's silence while facing these kinds of harassments is considered as a reason for the prevalence of such acts in the society. So studying the women's experiences of street harassment and their responses to harassment seems to be essential.The present study on the female students of Shiraz University has been conducted using exploratory "qualitative-quantitative" design. The research problem was explored through depth interviews, in order to familiarize the researchers with the participants' mental meaning, experiences and point of views, in the qualitative part of this study. Afterward, the results of the qualitative part (N=369) were used to develop the theoretical framework, and the quantitative instrument, the questionnaire.According to the qualitative interviews results, a classification of different kinds of street harassment in public places was made, including 4 main categories: visual, verbal, following and touching harassments. The participants of the qualitative part had experienced verbal and visual harassments more frequently than the other kinds, and this finding was very similar to the quantitative results. According to the respondents of the quantitative part, the visual harassment is the most frequent, followed by verbal, touching and following harassments. Additionally, in case of the respondents' reactions to street harassment, the quantitative results showed that most of the respondents (about %70) respond to the harassment passively. It means most of them preferred to stay silent while confronting a kind of harassment, and this finding agrees with qualitative results, too.

The purpose of this study was to examine sociological factors affecting the level of street harassment in the city of Kermanshah. Descriptive and survey method was conducted in the research. SPSS software analyzed the required data collected through a questionnaire. The population size consisted of 20325 individuals including all girls and women aged 15 to 49 in Kermanshah according to the statistical information of 2010. Cluster random sampling was used. The result of correlation coefficient showed that there was a meaningful relationship between the religion and influence of friends. However, the result of comparing average indicated that socioeconomic status, material status and presence on the street had significant effect on street harassment. The result of multivariate regression showed that 4 variables including the relative deprivation (Beta=.36), influence of friends (Beta.27), the religion (Beta= -.19), and social disorganization (Beta=.17), in order of importance in explaining the dependent variable were entered and all together explained 57% of internal changes in dependent variable.

The purpose of this study was to examine sociological factors affecting the level of street harassment in the city of Kermanshah. The research used descriptive and survey method. Required data collected by a questionnaire was analyzed by SPSS software. The population included all girls and women aged between 15 and 49 years old in Kermanshah that in date of study (2015) and by statistic of 2011 all of them included 20325. Cluster random sampling contributed to choose the sample size. The result of correlation coefficient shows that there is meaningful relationship between the social disorganization and religion, influence of friends and the relative deprivation. The result of comparing averages indicates that socioeconomic status, material status and being accompanied with others in the street have a significant effect on street harassment. The result of multivariate regression shows that four variables including the relative deprivation (Beta=.36), influence of friends (Beta=.27), the religion (Beta= .19), and social disorganization (Beta=.17), in order of importance in explaining the dependent variable were entered and all together explained 57% of internal changes in dependent variable.

IntroductionStreet harassment is a form of violence that women experience in various societies, hindering their ability to participate fully and freely in public spaces. Unfortunately, this type of persecution is prevalent in Afghanistan as well. Women in urban Afghan communities often face harassment from men based on factors, such as the distance they travel or the time they spend on the streets. Herat, one of the major cities in Afghanistan, has been plagued by street harassment against women and girls for many years. This research aimed to explore the factors that contributed to street harassment in Herat City, highlighting its significance as a pressing issue. The study held particular importance for women as they faced numerous obstacles in attaining their civil liberties with street harassment being a pervasive problem that has long been overlooked. To analyze this issue, the research drew upon Andre Michel's theories of gender stereotypes, Watson's examination of spatialized gender relations, and Ryan's concept of gender deprivation.  Materials and MethodsA cross-sectional survey was employed as the research method for this study. The statistical population comprised both single and married urban girls residing in Herat Province. The sample size was determined to be 350 individuals, who were selected using the non-probability (quota) sampling method. To ensure the validity of the questionnaire, the construct validity method and exploratory factor analysis were utilized. The results of the analysis revealed that the factors extracted in this research aligned with the researcher's theoretical expectations. Furthermore, the cases with suitable factor loadings were confirmed both theoretically and experimentally. Discussion of Results & ConclusionThe majority of respondents (47.7%) fell within the age range of 16 to 21 years. The sample also consisted of both single individuals (48.6%) and married individuals (44.3%). The analysis revealed that areas with limited urban services experienced a higher average level of street harassment compared to those with more developed urban services. Specifically, individuals, who utilized rickshaws and flan-coach vehicles, reported a higher likelihood of experiencing street harassment with average scores of 3.07 and 2.90, respectively. On the other hand, those who used taxis reported the least amount of inconvenience. Furthermore, the study found that street disturbance was more prevalent on sidewalks (2.46), quiet streets (2.40), shopping centers and markets (2.38), crowded neighborhoods (2.26), and narrow alleys (2.10) compared to other locations. In contrast, playgrounds (1.56) and fields (1.57) experienced the least amounts of disturbance. Additionally, a positive and significant correlation was observed between the variable of social exclusion and street harassment with a correlation coefficient of 0.180 and a confidence level of 99%. Similarly, the analysis revealed a positive and significant correlation between the amount of women's clothing and street harassment with a correlation coefficient of 0.334 and a confidence level of 99%. In conclusion, the findings of this study highlighted the prevalence of street harassment in Herat City and shed light on various factors that contributed to its occurrence. The results emphasized the importance of addressing urban service disparities, promoting safer transportation options and creating inclusive public spaces to mitigate street harassment. Furthermore, the study underscored the need for social inclusion and challenged societal norms regarding women's clothing to combat street harassment effectively. Street harassment is a form of violence predominantly perpetrated by men against women in public spaces, encompassing verbal, physical, visual, and stalking behaviors. This type of violence has detrimental effects on women, including erosion of their sexual identity, feelings of shame and worthlessness, compromised personal security, infringement upon human dignity, pessimism towards the opposite sex, strain within familial relationships, disruption of social interactions, and moral corruption. Consequently, it is crucial to devise solutions in societies where women experience such harassment, ensuring the well-being of this vulnerable group and preventing their alienation from society. Given the diversity of societies, it is important to recognize that a one-size-fits-all solution is not applicable. Instead, solutions should be tailored to the specific cultural context and sensitivities of each society. By taking into account these factors, appropriate and effective measures can be proposed to address street harassment and safeguard the rights and dignity of women.

Street harassment is a forbidden form of sex discrimination, includes both verbal and nonverbal behaviors, such as wolf whistles, leers, winks, grabs, pinches, catcalls, and street remarks, which is overlooked by social science researchers. The present study is done in order to investigate the relation of acceptance of gender rules and experiences of street harassment.  Using the survey technique this study is done on a sample consists of 369 female students of Shiraz University. The results of regression and path analysis show that the street harassment is mostly correlated with the way of dressing, make up which are 2 aspects of acceptance of gender rules.

One of the major gaps in research on the subject of sexual harassment is that there is very little information about the characteristics of sexual intruders. Sexual harassment is a conceptualized form of harassment based on gender, which has significant effects on victims. Women constitute about half of the population and face significant stress and sexual harassment on a daily basis in their lives. These lead to many psychological and sociological problems. This research provides an in-depth study of the main causes of sexual harassment that are primarily enacted by men. This research has been carried out with the quantitative method using a survey technique. The statistical population includes the males between 18 to 30 years old in Sanandaj city. Quota sampling approach was used to collect the data. In this method, the population is first segmented into mutually exclusive sub-groups based on age. Then, a subset of each segment was selected based on a specified proportion and the filled questionnaires were finally analyzed and discussed. The descriptive results from a variety of harassments including technique verbal, visual, stalking, and physical harassment shows that only 18 out of 380 people did not commit any of these harassments. Moreover, The results of the multivariate analysis (logistic regression and path analysis) indicate that among the variables included in the analysis, variables related to the individual in the analysis such as age, being Traditional, being religious, gender, and the rate of cultural consumption affect sexual harassment.