1. Introduction: Numerous studies have been conducted on the performance of breakwaters. Armor layer stability and structural porosity, height, and size on reshaping rubbed mound breakwaters have been frequently studied. Sayao and Da Silva (2016) analyzed the relationships of breakwater parameters, e. g., wall slope, crest width, and height, with the behavior of incident waves. It is crucial to evaluate the stability and damage parameter of breakwaters. Research has shown that characteristic variables are important in the damage estimation of breakwaters to improve accuracy and reduce tests (Janardhan et al., 2015). Submerged breakwaters reduce wave energy and can be an effective alternative to protect the existing breakwaters (Bungin, 2021). The present study aimed to explore the effects of a submerged obstacle in the seaward (and its position) on the stability of a rubble mound breakwater based on the damage parameter. Tests were carried out in the absence and presence of a submerged obstacle at a distance of 0-20 cm with 5-cm intervals (seaward) to evaluate the effect of the distance on the breakwater damage parameter. . .

Predicting the stability of armor blocks of breakwaters and revetments is a very important issue in coastal and ocean engineering. The stability number deepens on the sea state and structural parameters. One of the most important parameters which can affect the stability of the rubble mound breakwater is water depth. On the other hand, selection of an appropriate wave height parameter is very vital in predicting the stability number. Recently, H50, the average of 50 highest waves that reach the breakwater in its useful life, has been used to predict the stability of the armor layer. In this paper, water depth parameter is used in wave length and surf similarity parameter in breakwater’s toe, is applied. A new formula is also developed based on H50 and surf similarity parameter in breakwater’s toe. Two experimental data sets of irregular waves are used to develop the new formula using the model tree. Results lead to the proposal of a single formula that includes tow formula. This implies that the stability number is independent of wave breaking type. Moreover, the proposed formula is found to produce more acceptable results than available empirical formulas for predicting the stability number.

This paper presents results of an experimental investigation on stability of reshaping breakwaters. Results of 82 test cases have been used to study the reshaped profile condition of such breakwaters during the process of wave attacks. In this research, first 7 independent parameters having significant effects on structure stability have been identified and their consequence on geometric parameters of stability (6 parameters) have been studied. These 6 dependant parameters are selected so that they show completely the deformed geometry of the structure with the least probable tries. Then, using experimental data and fitting them to various statistical models, some formulae are suggested for estimation of geometrical parameters of reshaped profiles. Also efforts to increase the validity of these experimental formulae are presented.Finally software called IB has been developed using results of the present research. Then comparisons have been made between IB and BREAKWAT program. Results show that BREAKWAT fails to predict the reshaped profile in some test cases.