Background & Aim: Cervical ripening is one of the methods used for cervical preinduction with the aim of facilitating labor and ending pregnancy. There are various recommendations on using labor inducing methods, but no preferred method has been known. The aim of this study was to compare the results of using folly catheter balloon and oxytocin for cervical induction.Material & Method: It was a randomized clinical trial. Two hundred and seventy pregnant women attending Shahid Akbarabadi center were recruited and randomly assigned to one of the 3 groups. The women in the first and second group were catheterized and their catheters were fixed using 30 cc and 80cc of normal saline respectively. The third group just received 5 units of syntocinon in 1000ml IV solution. Results: There were statistically significant difference between 3 groups in bishop score after cervical preparation (P=0.000M). Moreover, there were statistically significant difference between folly catheter groups and syntocinon group regarding type of labour (P=0.000), the time intervals between induction and the active phase of labour (P=0.000), and induction and labour (P=0.000). the duration of the third stage and time interval between the third stage and labour were much shorter in catheter groups than syntocinon group.Conclusion: Using folly catheter balloon for ending pregnancy is effective and has no risk. Moreover, it has lees complications and more desirable delivery outcomes than oxytocin. Cervical ripening is also effective in the mode of delivery and reduces the need for surgical interventions and also the costs of hospitalization.

Introduction: There are different methods for mid-trimester abortion which have some shortcomings and limitations. Considering our country's facilities in order to find an inexpensive, effective and safe method we compared two methods of using oxytocin and foley catheter with oxytocin in mid-trimester abortion in Shariati Hospital. Methods: An interventional study using historical controls was conducted on patients who were candidate for mid-trimester abortion. After informing patients and taking informed consent foley catheter was inserted in 32 cases through the cervical canal at the top of internal osevs and inflamed with 45-50 ml normal saline under sterile condition. If adequate contraction did not develop within 24 hours, high doses of oxytocin were administered intravenously. The control group included those women who had been terminated with concentrated oxytocin during 3 previous years. Maternal age, gestational age gravidity, parity, oxytocin dosage, induction to delivery interval, indication for abortion and complications were compared in both groups. Data were analyzed by using x2 or Fisher's exact test, Mann – Whitney Utest, z test and t test. Results: The mean maternal age in foley catheter group was significantly less than controls (P = 0.02). The mean gravidity, parity and gestational age were similar in two groups. Induction to delivery interval was significantly shorter in foley catheter than control groups (39hrs vs. 51 hrs, P<0.001).Median dose of oxytocin was significantly less than controls (65 units vs. 400 units, P<0.001). Complications such as fever, need for hysterotomy were not significantly different. Conclusion: We conclude that induction to delivery interval using foley catheter and high doses of oxytocin was shorter than the only oxytocin and less oxytocin was used with foley catheter.      

Introduction: Used for analgesic control during dilation surgery and curettage under general or local anesthesia or paracervical block. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of bupivacaine intrauterine injection in reducing pain after dilatation and curettage. Materials and Methods: In this case series case study, 35 women aged 18-50 years who were candidates for dilatation and elective curettage underwent general anesthesia with sedation. After completion of 25 cc bupivacaine surgery, 0. 25% intrauterine injection was inserted into the uterine cavity through a Foley catheter. Heart rate and blood pressure in the recovery unit and 1, 2, 3, 4 hours after surgery, pain intensity based on VAS, heart rate, paresthesia, pruritus and patients' satisfaction with analgesia were recorded. Results: Transient itching was observed in 3 patients (8. 57%) and transient paresthesia was observed in 2 patients (5. 7%). Nine patients required 100 mg diclofenac suppository. The mean pain score in the recovery unit was 0. 4 and 1 after 4 hours. Heart rate did not change significantly from baseline (p> 0. 05). However, mean arterial pressure increased significantly (p = 0. 001) at 3 h and decreased significantly at 4 h. (p = 0. 03) Conclusion: Intrauterine bupivacaine injection is an effective tool in controlling pain relief after dilation and curettage. However, it can be associated with side effects.

Introduction: Despite the impact of increased abdominal hypertension on organ dysfunction and increased mortality, data on the frequency and its related risk factors in critical care unit does not seem enough. While studies have shown that patients’ intra-abdominal pressure measured at admission to intensive care unit can serve as an independent prognostic factor for mortality and assess impacts of IAH on organ function.Objective: This study aims to determine the frequency of increased abdominal hypertension and its related factors in patients hospitalized in ICUs.Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive –analytical study was conducted on 76 intensive care unit patients in one of the teaching hospitals in city of Rasht. Intra-abdominal pressure was measured every 8 hours for a 24-hour period through a Foley catheter (Korn method). Instrument used consisted of three parts: first part covered personal data (age, gender, Body Mass Index, disease diagnosis), second part included continuous assessment of organ dysfunction scale (respiratory condition, liver, kidney, hemodynamic, and level of conscious) and third part covered data related to IAH and accompanying variables(mean arterial pressure, abdominal perfusion pressure, peak airway pressure, maximum airway pressure, plateau pressure and positive end expiratory pressure) and demographic data, type of diagnosis, SOFA score, central venous pressure, mean airway pressure was recorded.Result: Findings showed that the frequency of intra-abdominal hypertension was 18.42percent. Also Step wise regression method showed that the mean arterial pressure of 1.02 times can increase intra abdominal pressure.Conclusion: Intra-abdominal pressure as a factor affecting the performance of other organs in patients in intensive care units is important and it's recommended that intra-abdominal pressure to be measured routinely in critically ill patients and through this prevent abdominal compartment syndrome and its complications.