بدن مدار بودن زندگی روزمره در جوامع مدرن کردار برساخت بدن را به فعالیتی روزمره بدل کرده است. یکی از کردارهای برساخت بدن فعالیت های ورزشی است.مفروضه نظری این مقاله برساخت بدن به میانجی فعالیت های ورزشی در محل تقاطع مدرنیته اجتماعی و فرهنگی قرار دارد. بر این اساس بدن به نمایش هویت شخصی و مکان سرمایه گذاری فرهنگ هژمونیک نظام سرمایه داری بدل شده است. هدف این مقاله کاوشی در روایت مردان و زنان طبقه متوسط شهرستان سنندج از ورزش بدنسازی و ارتباط آن با صنعت آراسته گری و همچنین جایگاه این ورزش در برساخت بدن ایده آل مورد پذیرش اجتماعی است. به واسطه تاملات انتقادی که بدن در چارچوب ساختارهای مسلط فرهنگی و اجتماعی سرمایه داری قرار ی دهند، با استفاده از روش تحلیل روایت و استرتژی تحلیل مضمونی داستان بدن را از طریق فعالیت ورزشی بدن سازی تفسیر کرده ایم. یافته ها حاکی از استخراج 8 مضمون فراگیر است: 1) گریز از روزمرگی به میانجی مصرف بدن در بدنسازی 2) بدن جوان جهانی 3) استبداد متریک 4) بدن همچون نمایش 5) اندامگان فانتزی پست مدرن 6) بدن ویترینی مهندسی شده 7) امپریالیسم فرهنگی بدن رسانه ای 8) هویت فردی به مثابه بدن بزک شده. نتایج به دست آمده حاکی از آن است که ورزش بدنسازی همچون ابزاری در خدمت برساخت بدن تحت استیلای فرهنگ مصرفی هژمونیک سرمایه داری می باشد. بدن مبدل به کالایی فرهنگی شده است .

The current research was conducted with the aim of knowing the role of cultural functions of sports on urban economic development in Kerman city. The research is applied in terms of purpose, in terms of cross-sectional time and in terms of mixed method (qualitative-quantitative). The method of doing the work in the qualitative part is meta-composition and in the quantitative part (description of the correlation type). The statistical population of this study includes two groups. The first group of the qualitative part of Persian and Latin articles that had the keywords of cultural functions of sports and development of urban economy were investigated by purposeful sampling and the dimensions of cultural functions of sports and development of urban economy were extracted, and a researcher-made questionnaire was prepared based on the extracted dimensions. The statistical population of the second group (quantitative part) is 243 people from the managers of sports clubs in Kerman city, of which 148 people were selected based on Morgan's table, The stratified sampling method and the data were tested using a researcher-made questionnaire. The questionnaire has face and content validity and component reliability coefficients are 0. 81 in order of cultural functions, 0. 74 urban economic development, 0. 81 modeling, 0. 72 value and norm education., strengthening of urban identity 0. 78, identity part 0. 73, cultural exchange and integration 0. 74, relaxation 0. 82, market forces 0. 77, growth of urban space 0. 75, city tax 0. 77, transportation growth 74/ 0, 0. 81 land use has been obtained.

این مطالعه با هدف تدوین مدل توسعه ورزش سالمندی ایران انجام گرفته است. از منظر هدف، از نوع کاربردی که روش انجام آن کیفی بود. مشارکت کنندگان در پژوهش حاضر شامل متخصصان و صاحب نظران ورزش سالمندی بودند. ابزار جمع آوری داده ها مصاحبۀ نیمه ساختاریافته بود. افراد نمونه به صورت هدفمند جهت مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته انتخاب شدند. تحلیل داده ها همزمان با جمع آوری اطلاعات براساس روش کیفی استراس و کوربین تحلیل شدند. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که تعداد 179 مفهوم اولیه را استخراج نمود و سپس، با بررسی و بازنگری و تجمیع داده ها تعداد 63 کد و در مرحلۀ کدگذاری محوری، تعداد11مقوله به دست آمدند، که شامل مقوله علی(رویکرداجتماعی و رویکرد سلامت محور)، پدیده محوری(مدیریت ورزش سالمندان)، راهبردها(راهبرد مدیریت برنامه، فرهنگ سازی و کرامت سالمندان)، شرایط مداخله گر(چالش های فرهنگی و موانع ساختاری)، زمینه ایی(زمینه یابی وارائه تسهیلات)، و پیامدها (بهبود سلامتی و توسعه اجتماعی) می باشند. با نتایج به دست آمده در این پژوهش می توان گفت دولت ها با تدوین و اجرای برنامه ها و همچنین قوانینی جهت حمایت در بعدهای مالی، فرهنگی و اجتماعی از سالمندان و آگاهی، و آموزش دادن به افراد سالمند و خانواده های آنان در جهت مفید بود ورزش و خطرات بی تحرکی در این دوران و احادث زیرساخت های مناسب و مرتبط با این افراد، و با توجه داشتن به اصول و اقدامات زیربنایی و ساختاری می توان از چالش ها و مسائل و مشکلات مربوط این دوران جلوگیری کرده و مدیریت و توسعه ورزش سالمندان را به درستی انجام داده و الگوی موفق برای دیگر کشورها در زمینه ورزش سالمندی باشیم.

Cultural function of an urban space and its potential in responding the cultural needs of citizens will not be secured only by providing cultural special spaces and its variety and quantities, but it needs serious consideration and attention to mutual relationship between cultural elements and urban spaces in a holistic manner. When social and physical aspects of an urban space and their dominating factors are evolving, the cultural elements of the space also will change accordingly.The present article aims at examining the evolution of cultural functions of Tehran's urban spaces in a transition from a small traditional city into a modern metropolis, using a secondary analysis method.  The main question and subject matter is how evolution process in physical and social aspects of Tehran urban spaces affects their cultural function correspondingly. The article emphasizes on two issues and questions:1. What changes have been made in cultural consumption models and following that in cultural spaces?2. What changes have been made in the relationship of cultural activities, urban spaces and the position of cultural spaces and activities of the city along with spatial evolution of Tehran?The evolution of cultural functions of Tehran urban spaces on one hand has added to the number and diversity of cultural activities and also their specific spaces and on the other hand, because of modern functionalistic approaches and superiority of commercial functions, it has offered less opportunity to perform cultural functions in urban spaces of modern Tehran as compared with a traditional city.

Introduction: The functions of sport in today's modern society are varied and numerous as such, it affects most aspects of social life in society. Therefore, understanding and studying these influences and impacts is needed and emphasized in different fields of the humanities including anthropology. Wrestling is a traditional and popular sport in Iran and in Iranian society and remembering the elders of the Wrestling, such as Takhti, Habibi and other heroes creates a special feeling in the community and as the wrestling in Iran is becoming more professional, it finds a complicated connection with other social institutions such as politics, economics, socio-cultural phenomena such as identity, leisure time, violent behavior and socialization of members of society. That's why this is a common phenomenon in Mazandaran province in general and in Sari community in particular, make the researcher to think this topic of research. And answer the question of wrestling sport in Sari area, such as: what are the socio-cultural functions (with what indicators)? And what is the mechanism of transferring socio-cultural functions through wrestling in this region? Method: The present research uses qualitative methods (such as observation, interviews, written responses from athletes, wrestling recordings, and in some cases content analysis of specialized wrestling journals and newspapers). The statistical population of the study included Sari wrestling clubs (Takhti, Delavaran, Bargh, Amini, Milad Noor, Machakposht, Ariobarzan, Tabarestan, Javan and Dokhaniat). However, the focus of the present study has been on Milad Noor and Takhti. Each of them has about 70 wrestlers. The sample of the study included interviews and focus groups with salon coaches, wrestler fathers, sports teachers, wrestlers and their coaches in Sari. During the research, 40 focus interviews were conducted with all four groups. Findings: The findings show that wrestling has a wide variety of functions in the city of Sari, the mechanism of transferring socio-cultural functions of wrestling sport in the researched community, which is known as the values on an ancient and rooted tradition. In addition, it is consistent with the economic and social conditions of Mazandaran where agriculture is predominant. The dignity of the brave has found a place in the community in itself. So It has influenced many of the social actions and reactions. Discussion and conclusion: Wrestling was rooted in the religious beliefs of the region and in addition to preventing social harm, it has functions such as leisure time, physical fitness and a channel to drain energy and a route to direct aggression in the city of Sari.

In sociology literature, informal social networks have been recognized as one of the main ways to boost ties and social bonds between people and thus increase social trust, and since the “sport for all” is an informal and voluntary exercise and provides a good atmosphere to increase direct relationships and emotional bonds between people in the community, it seems can be affective in strengthening of social trust through its functions and mechanisms. This study was done to examination the relationship between participation of young people in the “sport for all” exercises and their social trust. The research method is descriptive and correlation design. The population consisted of all young people aged 15 to 29 in Tehran, among them 405 patients selected with multi-stage cluster sampling and divided into two groups “participant” and “nonparticipant” groups, and the components of social trust were measured using the self-made questionnaire. The results show that the average social trust for the participants in sport for all in general (2.96) higher than the average of the variable for nonparticipant (2.84), and this difference was statistically significant, so, it can be said that participation in sport by young people in the study correlated the degree of social trust. The consideration of social trust dimensions showed that mean difference between the two groups about interpersonal trust and generalized trust is statistically significant, but there was no significant impact on the fundamental trust and institutional trust.

One of the industries which flourished in Seljuk period is textile industry. The significant activities have been accomplished by the name of Tiraz and their establishments had a great influence on the public and government life. Tiraz have the high political value as the honorific or respect cloak and one ruler indication of eviction. So that, the various motifs with the various subjects often include wish to survive Caliph or ruler or blessings or verses of Quran, have been drawn mostly in golden fibers on taffeta and tapestry weaving.In this essay, the main characteristics of Seljuk’s Tiraz including the motifs, the concepts which have drawn on it, the texture, the consumed fibers and the textile weaving centers have studied by presenting the examples of the Seljuk’s Tiraz and surveying the Tirazs of contemporary cultures.

This study tries to evaluate women’s cultural development effect on family functions. It has two dependent and independent variables accompanying the assessment of the effectiveness of independent variables on the dependent variable. The research method is documentary and survey with a questionnaire technique. The sample size includes 150 married jobholder women in district 10 in Tehran. Among the independent variables, an increase in level of education, with a total direct and indirect effect, has the maximum weight of 1.066 on the dependent variable. The result of this study confirms the hypothesis of a significant relationship between women’s cultural development and family functions with a calculated variance of 0.54 at 0.95 confidence level. And so with that, women with higher education levels and financial independence and having cultural development experience a change in attitudes, behavior and way of thinking which affect the family function. It should be noted that in addition to the cross-sectional tensions due to reduction of their traditional roles in the family, with regard to peace and human dignity and legitimate rights of the family and society, they gain better abilities to train and guide the children as well as family conflicts settlements as in the past their rights would not be violated.