The study examined five characteristics of the Khorasani Group of Persian Dialects distinguishing it from the Afghan-Tajiki group. These characteristics consist of two phonetic and two morphological features as well as one relating to prepositions. Though not representing all the distinguishing features between the groups, they have been singled out by the researcher as some most stable characteristics. The study used a wide range of sources, including field research and numerous works of Russian, Western, Iranian, Tajiki and Afghan authors. The texts (legends and stories about everyday issues) in the Herat dialect, which were obtained as a result of the author's field work in Afghanistan, were collected from illiterate and poorly literate speakers of the said dialect. Due to the lack of education, these people were not influenced by the Kabul dialect or the language, and they kept their native dialect in the purest form. This research proved that the discussed features are among the main features that distinguish Khorasani Persian dialects group from Afghani-Tajik group.

One of the branches of the Indo-European language family is the Indo-Iranian branch, and Dari Persian language is placed in this category. The Dari Persian language belongs to the third Persian language period which emerged after the collapse of the Sassanid. This language has three Iranian, Afghani and Tajik dialects, and despite the fact that these three dialects are the same in terms of root and basis, they have distanced themselves from each other for various reasons, undergoing phonetic, lexical and grammatical changes. Every year, many different works are written in these three dialects, which are incomprehensible to the other two dialects due to the inclusion of words, terms and syntactic features specific to each dialect. As non-fiction, Kour Sorkhi is a remarkable work written in Afghani Dari and published in Iran. The book has been praised in literary circles and contains classical and contemporary Afghani Dari terms and words. This article employs an analytical-library method to examine a number of Afghani Dari words and terms in this work that are not found in many dictionaries, but are used by Afghan speakers today.

Introduction: Stories reflect the intellectual and cultural foundations of society and the discovering the infrastructural elements and underlying layers of story, with the aim of representing social specifications of each nation. Methodology and Argument: This research tries to apply semiotic approach and pattern of Greimas actors in analyzing Tajiki children and adolescences stories and find out the covert cultural and social underlying in this stories and its relation with basics and general frameworks of culture and education in the given country. For this purpose, 5 stories from 100 Tajik children and adolescences story books as targeted sampling have been chosen. Background Studies: Mohammadi and Abbasi (1380) in their study" Samad: the structure of a myth" proved the applicability of the theory in the stories by studying eight stories by Samad Behrangi according to the Greimas actors, model and providing the plots. Shairi (1381) in the book basics of modern semantics introduces various chains to account for surface structure of discourse and uses these chains in the analysis of the narration. He also by translating books such as D l imperfection and writing various articles from the point of view of the structuralism semanticians in semeiotics analysis of the discourse to liquid semiotics in books in this field tries to introduce theoretical frameworks of narrative analysis. Rahman and Karimi Ghare Baba (1387) in the article "Narratology of Short Stories of Mohammad Ali JamalZade" concluded that short stories of Jamalzade are formed in the boundary of tradition and modernism. Although Jamalzade later in1 his career was no longer an innovator and became a routine writer. Pashaii (1388) in a research "Meta-story, the Language of Thought Stimulation in Iranian Children’ s Literature: a Study of Three Works by Hassan Farhad" came to this conclusion that meta-story literature by special techniques in composing the story such as inter-textuality, creating conversation among children, writer and fictional characters and funny imitation, far better than realist literature is able to motivate child thought. Hoseinzade Khozani(1389) in a research " Structural Criticism of 20 Adolescent Short Stories" tried to introduce some famous writers of children’ s literature and study their works by analyzing four main elements of stories, plot, characters, sign and narrative dimensions to discover and give accounts of them. Kiani et al (1391) in a research "Theory of Reader Covert in Children’ s Literature, A Case Study of the Works of Lina Kiani" Concluded that the writer’ s style in short stories is better than long stories and in longer stories better than the collections. The language, scientific and literal levels of the reader improve from story collections and not from long stories or novels. On this ground, we can assume that children are the addressee of the collection of tales and short stories, while adolescents may be the addressee of long stories and novels. Nabiloo (1392) in a research "A Structural Narrative Study of Children’ s Stories "and Roghayye Hemmati (1396) in the article" A Structural Study of Fairy Tales for Children" deals with narrative analysis of children's stories and tries to show the dimensions of these stories, indices and content messages of them (even with using meta-human/fairy indices) and finds that Iranian children’ s stories have fixed narrative plot and patterns and organized narrative structure. Conclusion: The findings of this research show that these stories in the underlying layers try to infuse addressee to approach some notions and messages and distance the addressee from some ideas: The story of the "Brave Girl" suggests the addressee that by correct advice and self-esteem, girls like boys have this ability to play their roles in the family and society. The story of "Stork" seeks to transfer the feeling of the help to the oppressed and regain the right of the oppressed. The story of "Devil-fighting Iraj" implicates the idea that the state of the oppressor does not last for a long time and the next generations with stronger motivation will take revenge. The story of "Devil-binding Ahmad" encourages the reader to welcome and accept any accident as having good reasons and finally, the endurance of the story of "Soghdi Narration" and willingness of her love force conveys the addressee the feelings that one can reach one’ s goals by practice.

Proverbs, as one of the early creations of human beings, have a high versatility of functions and applications in everyday life. Different nations of the world have much in common regarding their ways of thinking and cultural productions, as well. Hence, Persian speaking countries such as Iran, Tajikestan and Afganistan, which have had a long-lasting histo-cultural relationships during the course of the history, could establish a cultural study on the basis of such common features. Examples of such a kind of relationship could more easily be seen via studying these common folklore culture. This article tries to establish a comparative study between Bakhtiyari and Tajiki oral literature, while giving some examples of the common proverbs. A comparative linguistic, literal and ideological methodology has been adapted in this study while at the same time cultural interconnections are highlighted. This study aims to find as much interconnections as possible between these two notable cultures, while adapting a linguistic anthropological methodology.

This article aims at studying and analyzing the methodology of research in four approaches in dialectology, namely dialect geography, social dialectology, perceptive dialectology, and corpus-based dialectology as traditional and modern approaches in the field. After a brief review of the principles of historical –comparative linguistics as the origin of dialectology as a field in linguistics, the literature, the goals, methods of data gathering, analysis, and presenting the results will be discussed. A descriptive and comparative method is used for studying each approach, and presenting a methodological model. Dialectology which has been introduced partly as a response to some principal claims of historical-comparative linguistics, have undergone numerous changes regarding the methodology over the past century, mainly as a result of the developments in the technology of gathering, recording and analyzing the data, and also the interdisciplinary trends. While focus of traditional dialectology was on gathering and describing mainly the phonological and lexical features of non-mobile old rural male informants, social and perceptual dialectology focus on analyzing the effects of social factors and language attitudes on linguistic features and the perception of linguistic borders. Corpus-based dialectology is based on computational and statistical analyses. So, modern approaches focus on dialects of different communities in rural and urban areas, language attitudes, different linguistics features including grammatical and morpho-syntactic, corpus-based and cognitive analysis, quantitative and qualitative analysis using computer and statistics in gathering and analyzing the data.

Rudbari is a prevalent dialect in the southeast parts of Kerman province including Jiroft, RudbarJonub, Kahnuj, Manujan, QaleGanj, Anbarabad 'and Faryab. This dialect is one of the dialects of Bashagardi and therefore, it belongs to the so-called southwest Iranian languages. In the vast regions of south of Kerman, innumerous geographic species of Rudbari is prevalent. These varieties have phonological, lexical and rarely grammatical differences, although communication happens among all speakers in this region. This study examines the historical phonology of Rudbari and aims at providing the development process of Old and Middle Persian phonemes in this dialect; it also examines the most significant phenomenological features of this dialect from a historical viewpoint, and points out its differences with Dari dialect. The study covers those versions dominant in RudbarJonub and Kahnuj, and the" Mohmedi" dialect that is prevalent in South Jabalbarez from the environs of Anbarabad. The corpus for this study was gathered through interviews with a number of native speakers and by recording their speeches and also from writings about this dialect. The evolution of some phonemes in Old and Middle Persian were studied and some examples were provided. In some cases comparisons have been done with Baluchi dialect and also with translation of the QodsQuran that belongs to southeast part of Iran.