This article discusses about the different definitions of the category of quantity. From these definitions, the second and the third are zoomed on more. Because number is not a secondary philosophical intelligible. It is not also from the genus of existence. On the contrary, it exists in its object existence and it is a first intelligible. We demonstrate that number is of nature and the thing, which actually is divided, is object not number. Number is a thing although it can be divided. It also deduces that different numbers are species. We argue that the difference between connected quantity and separate quantity is not in defect division, but in having common component. We also criticize the argument that declares straight lines and curves are species.

The purpose of this research is to identify effective criteria for measuring competitive position of certain products of Shahdiran company, a regional major food and juice producer in Iran. To determine the criteria and their relative importance, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used by organizing a decision team consisting of 6 top managers of the company. Four major competitors (based on market share) were selected for comparison purposes. Cook and Seiford’s developed model which consists of 19 successive steps was used to determine the company’s competitive position. For that, questionnaires based on Saaty scale, were designed to determine; effective criteria, relative importance of each criterion, and company’s rank from retailer’s point of view.A survey research was also conducted to identify the position of other food product retailers in Mashhad as competitors. As a result, company's position in comparison with its four major competitors was determined through using 20 known criteria and market mix. The research further revealed that Alpha totally holds the first rank among its nearest competitors in the regional market while it holds rank 1 for product, 3 for price, 1 for place and finally the second rank for promotion.

Reliable access control is a major challenge of cloud storage services. This paper presents a cloud-based file-sharing architecture with ciphertext-policy Attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) access control mechanism. In CP-ABE, the data owner can specify the ciphertext access structure, and if the user key satisfies this access structure, the user can decrypt the ciphertext. The trusted authority embeds the private key of each Attribute in a so-called Attribute access polynomial and stores its coefficients publicly on the cloud. By means of the access polynomial, each authorized user will be able to retrieve the private key of the Attribute by using her/his owned pre-shard key. In contrast, the data owner encrypts the file with a randomly selected key, namely the cipher key. The data owner encrypts the cipher key by CP-ABE scheme with the desired policies. Further, the data owner can create a different polynomial called query access polynomial for multi-keyword searching. Finally, the data owner places the encrypted file along the encrypted cipher key and query access polynomial in the cloud. The proposed scheme supports fast Attribute revocation using updating the corresponding access polynomial and re-encrypting the affected cipher keys by the cloud server. Moreover, most of the calculations at the decryption and searching phases are outsourced to the cloud server, thereby allowing the lightweight nodes with limited resources to act as data users. Our analysis shows that the proposed scheme is both secure and efficient.

Coherency Attribute is one of the proper tools in interpretation of structural discontinuities and stratigraphy features in 3-D seismic data. Coherency measurements in three dimensions discuss trace-to-trace similarity and therefore represent interpretable changes in these cases. The similar traces are mapped with high coherence coefficients while anomalies and discontinuities have low coherence coefficients. Coherency Attribute shows evaluation criterion of lateral changes in the seismic response, caused by variation in structure, stratigraphy, lithology, porosity and the presence of hydrocarbon. Output of this Attribute is a coherence cube which illustrates structural discontinuities and stratigraphy features with higher resolution. In this paper, the application of two conventional coherency Attributes based on eigenstructure and crosscorrelation for detection of faults in 3-D synthetic seismic data and actual seismic data is presented.Considering the experimental results, this method has an appropriate response to low SNR for 3-D synthetic models and 3-D actual data. In addition, the comparison of eigenstructure -based coherency Attribute method with crosscorrelation-based coherency Attribute method indicates the former has higher resolution for detection faults than the latter.

The sanction (Tasvib) and the denigration (Takhtia) problem is one of the differences of opinions between the Moslems' Usolist. For the answer to this question which religion and belief follows the sanction or the denigration, there is no clear expression. Whatever we see in the principle Imamye's writings, they relate the basis of the denigration to Imamye and the basis of the sanction to the Sunnites. After referring to the valid principle references of the Sunnites, it is revealed that this relating is not true generally. The Sunnites scientists mostly believe in the denigration basis and among them, only a small group of them follow the sanction.

Most of the fuzzy regression approaches proposed in the literature adopted a single objective function in the generation of fuzzy regression models. These approaches mostly being criticized by their weak performances analysis and their sensitivity to outliers. Therefore, this paper develops a new multi-objective two-stage optimization and decision tech-nique for fuzzy regression modeling problems in order to handle both of the criticisms. To handle the outlier problems, in the first stage, dynamic robust to outlier objective functions is considered in the estimation problem. The estimation problem is solved by running an algorithm which generates a set of fuzzy regression models. Then, in the next stage, we design a decision schema by employing Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) problem. Here, the VIKOR method is employed as a proper means to provide a design to rank the generated fuzzy regression models by the first stage to introduce the most desirable model. We include simulation numerical results and a real-world house price problem in order to highlight the advantages of the proposed method in a comparison study. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed multi-objective optimization method to handle outlier detection problem while the prediction accuracy of the model is improved.