After several maritime casualties, causing severe death toll and similar incidents, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) decided to introduce and establish a new system called Global Maritime Distress & Safety System (GMDSS) in 1979, in line with its responsibilities and in cooperation with member States and other global organizations, and the system became mandatory in 1999 for commercial vessels with 300 GT or more engaged in international voyages. Various emergency alarm instruments are included in the GMDSS, one of which is the Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRB). The EPIRB is usually activated automatically in case the vessel sinks at sea. According to a SARSAT report, some 30, 713 people have been rescued during 8, 387 SAR operations between the years 1982 and 2010. However, false alerts released by EPIRBs have led to extensive waste of time and expenses for SAR units and services in many cases. This paper analyzes the root causes for these false alerts and reports on the tests made on 50 EPIRBs on ships entering the port of Shahid Rajaee.

Due to the range of hazards threatening the navigation of vessels such as collisions with other passing vessels, collisions with structures such as breakwaters, and collisions with the bottom of vessels with the seabed, the design and use of fixed and floating signs should be considered. These signs, in addition to daytime operation, should also be equipped with portable lights to navigate during the night. Since the maritime industry is international, these signs must have the same standards in terms of the shape, color, and rhythm of the lights These standards are developed by IALA. In this study, by reviewing international standards, navigation signs are first introduced and the use and characteristics of each of these signs are determined. In the following, as a case study, the location of these signs by using principles has been done for Tombak port and Lavan oil wharf.

The social role of Mazar institution in the social developments of Iran is the main subject of this research. Mortality and egalitarianism are components of cohesion in Iran. And what effect did it have on social developments and power discourses in Iran? Explaining the institution of the tomb seems to be a way to open this knot. This article begins with the issue of "the institution of shrines and social change in Iran." In this research: The impact of the Mazar institution on social developments in Iran from the Constitutional Revolution to the era of the Islamic Revolution becomes clear. This study explains the impact of the Mazar institution(mortality culture,rituals of morning) on social developments (Islamic Revolution,constitouational revolution)in Iran. The analysis of the research environment is based on data and logical reasoning.The research method is causal explanation and the method of data collection is library studies. The research results are an introduction to the explanation of powerful social institutions in Iran. The present study is an attempt to explain the function of social institutions in creating social change. This study claimed that social institutions are effective in creating a knowledge system. And the institution of the shrine is in the center of research attention.

This paper presents the design and simulation of a typical Ka band satellite beacon receiver for propagation experimentation. Using satellite beacon signal as a reference signal in satellite wave propagation study, is one of the most important methods. Satellite Beacons are frequently available for pointing large antennas, but such signals can be used for measuring the effect of natural phenomena such as atmospheric gases, water vapor, oxygen molecules, clouds, rain, dust and fog existing in different layers of the atmosphere, including troposphere and ionosphere.

With the continuous development of the industrialization process, the countries all over the world gradually appeared lack of agricultural labor force and aging phenomenon, which was especially prominent in developed countries. However the agricultural robot with high operating efficiency, high qualities of work will play an increasingly important role in future agricultural production. Robot navigation is not only the key to automation and also the biggest obstacle constraining their development. This paper provides a review of relevant mobile robot positioning technologies. The paper defines seven categories for positioning systems: 1. Odometry; 2. Inertial Navigation; 3. Magnetic Compasses; 4. Active Beacons; 5. Global Positioning Systems; 6. Landmark Navigation; and 7. Model Matching. Therefore, the research status of agricultural robot navigation was introduced in this paper. Also, this paper discusses the problem of using navigation methods for agricultural mobile robots in greenhouses. Nowadays, many agricultural tasks are dangerous and repetitive for human beings and could be improved employing robots. The autonomous navigation in greenhouses has been solved using both deliberative and pseudo-reactive techniques.