Chemical eye Burns are among the most important emergencies and often lead to the acute decrease in visual acuity or apparent damage to the eye. Alkalines, more powerful in destroying cell membranes , penetrate into the lower layers of the tissues and cause greater damage to the eyes. The greatest damage occurs at PH>11. However, acids form a complex with the corneal stromal proteins, which delays the penetration of acids into the lower tissues. Alkalines, in general, are more deleterious to the eyes than acids. Minor Burns due to alkalines and acids manifest similar clinical presentations. Perilimbal damage is the most important factor in determining the damage scope and its recovery prognosis. Cornea lacking the epithelium shows little resistance against collagenesis; therefore, any delay in the formation of new epithelium makes the cornea vulnerable to more damage. The first step in every chemical burn is the prompt irrigation of the injuries with ample water, which must take at least 30 minutes. Immediately afterwards, local antibiotics are inevitable. Cycloplegics are essential in all eye Burns except in very rare cases. Corticosteroids are useful in the first week as acute eye complaints are among the most common causes of referring to GPs. Due to lack of sufficient experience and diagnostic facilities, it is meant, in this paper, to present the practitioners with the essential information needed for the appropriate diagnosis and treatment of patients suffering from chemical eye Burns before referring to the ophthalmologist so that the complaints and after-effects of chemical eye Burns are significantly reduced.

Chemical injuries of the cornea are ophthalmic emergencies. These injuries often result in significant ocular morbidity and generally strike young adults in the prime years of life. Classification schemes enable the ophthalmologist to determine the severity of injury and the prognosis for the injured eye. Immediate management consists of copious irrigation following exposure. Effective management in the intermediate and late phases requires an understanding of the cellular events that occur during each phase. Appropriate medical and surgical care helps ensure the best outcomes for these potentially blinding injuries. With appropriate management, it is possible to restore vision to all but the most severely burned eyes. While our current understanding of these injuries allows us to save many of these eyes, more work is needed to improve the prognosis of grade IV injuries. Ongoing animal and human research is investigating the use of novel topical agents to reduce angiogenesis, inhibit inflammation, promote repair, and reduce the risk of corneal melting. Efforts at preventing ocular chemical Burns are equally important and deserve emphasis.

Dear Editor: I read with interest the article entitled Effect of Gabapentin on Morphine Consumption and Pain after Surgical Debridement of Burn Wounds: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial Study and was impressed by the scientific rigor and level of detailed observation. This is especially admirable in a study performed at the front line of burn surgery. Gabapentin appears to have a role to play in the reduction of pain and opiate usage during major Burns surgery. It is worth, however, bringing the readers' attention to another key role for the drug in burn which is not mentioned in the discussion. Gabapentin also has an important role in the management of burn-induced itch.

Background: Hydrofluoric acid and other fluorine compounds are used in different industries worldwide. Fluoride ion bonding with Calcium and Magnesium ions interferes with cell enzymatic systems and causes cell death. Any hesitation in diagnosis and treatment can lead to irreversible injuries in exposed individuals.Material & Method: This cross - sectional study was conducted on 74 workers who had occupational exposure to Hydrofluoric acid. After dermal contamination, treatment procedures at the time of exposure and later in the medical center included decontamination with water, topical application of Calcium Gluconate Gel 2.5% and/or Benzalkonium Chloride solution. Workers and physicians were asked to fill in separate questionnaires providing data on the type and extent of burn and treatment procedures. Data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical methods in SPSS data bank.Results: 56 cases (75.7%) had carried out decontamination with water and 24 cases (32.4%) had applied Calcium Gluconate Gel immediately after exposure. In the clinic, treatment procedures included: decontamination for 46 cases (62.16%) and Calcium Gluconate Gel for 70 cases (94.59%). More than 80% of Burns were first degree at the time visited by physician and no complications observed in later follow-ups.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the initial washing with water and application of Calcium Gluconate Gel 2.5% at the time of exposure and later in the medical center is an effective and acceptable method in HF burn.

Burn and its complications are important problem during wars and specially in modern wars. So rapid management of burn casualty is a medical emergency. Physicians and care workers should be aware. The initial management of Burns, like all other traumas, follows the ABCDE approach. The outline management plan assumes the availability of certain medical supplies but even simple measures are invaluable in burn care if they are all that is available. The most basic supplies required to resuscitate a casualty are oral salt and water in appropriate-volumes. Similarly it should be possible in field conditions to monitor vital signs and urine output, dress the bums with clingfilm or plastic bags and wrap the casualty in absorbent materials.