Karyological studies of seven populations of Buxus hyrcana Pojark. from different habitats are presented. We found one usual basic CHROMOSOME number in this species x=14. All populations were diploid (2n = 2x = 28). The results of kryotypic analysis made it possible to categorize different populations of a species and make a logical comparison among them.

CHROMOSOME cytology has a rich history in plant systematics and evolutionary biology. The central importance of CHROMOSOME numbers was long recognized with a long history of nearly a century. Classic compilations of CHROMOSOME numbers include those of Love and Love (1948); Darlington and Wylie (1955); Fedorov (1969). Excellent reviews are provided by Goldblatt and Lowry (2011); Cusimano et al. (2012) and most recently by Rice et al. (in press.).