The theory of comparative literature is a new theory, because its philosophy is based on the study of literature beyond the boundaries of language, culture and interdisciplinary. Comparative literature first appeared in France and other Western countries, and entered the Third World Universities from the second half of the twentieth century. Dr. Ghonaimi (1968) is the founder of comparative literature in Arab countries. Later in the field of comparative literature, many scholars such as Tahir Maki, Saeed Allush, Ezzedin al-Muna'sra, Hesam al-Khataib and others emerged. Hesam al-Khataib can be considered the largest and most accomplished Arab matchmaker. He follows the developments of the comparative literature more than other compatriots and has the most information and documentation on comparative literature in international and Arabic arenas. This article, by a descriptive-analytical and critical method, is attempting to discuss briefly the comparative literature and Hesam al-Khataib and introduces one of Hesam al-Khataib's most important books entitled as Afag Aladab Almogaran Arabian va Alemian. This book addresses the international and Arab worldviews of comparative literature. In this book, Khatib offers an evolved approach based on personal expertise and experience in teaching, writing, and attending Arabic and international conferences. He also corrects issues related to the history of comparative literature in Arab countries and he seeks to establish a link between Arabic comparative literature and world experiences. He introduces the scientific and cognitive experience of the Arabs from this knowledge, from the mid-thirties of the last century to the early nineties, and tries to give an Arab perspective in this field; a vision that includes a diligent and sincere effort to promote comparative Arabic literature. In conclusion, he reviews and critiques some books of Arabic theory. Therefore, this book is one of the best Arabic works in the field of comparative literature.

In the study of contemporary comparative literature, world literature is recognized as a branch that examines the process of how literary texts are circulated. The term, first coined by Goethe in the early nineteenth century, emphasizes the circulation of literary works beyond the language and culture of origin. Followed by him, many scholars and thinkers challenged his concept addressing world literature and placed it in the realm of acceptance or rejection and doubt. Researchers such as Emily Upter, David Demrash, Pascal Casanova, Franco Morti, etc. Each of their own perspectives sought to draw its conceptual and material boundaries. Hussam Al-Khatib, a complier born in Palestinian, describes the components influencing the literary circulation and globalization of a work at three levels including in-text, linguistic, and external structure. This study intends to use the descriptive-analytical procedure and considering the universal components of the literary work from Al-Khatib's point of view to examine the literary circulation in "Frankenstein in ", a novel by Ahmad Saadawi, beyond the national borders of Iraq. The findings of this study present that the global success of "Frankenstein in Baghdad" is influenced by the socio-political situation in Iraq, the internal and external structure of the novel, the relative advantages of languages, etc.